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We present the case of a 34-year-old Nigerian woman who was referred to the Respiratory team with a 12-month history of breathlessness. She was concurrently being investigated for an abdominal mass and rectal and vaginal bleeding. Consequently, she underwent cross-sectional imaging of her chest, abdomen and pelvis, revealing a small right-sided pneumothorax and right lower lobe pleural-based lesion. Shortly thereafter, she was admitted to the hospital with chest pain and required chest drain insertion. This partially treated her pneumothorax but she required referral to a cardiothoracic centre for definitive diagnosis and to manage her non-resolving pneumothorax. Biopsies from the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery confirmed the very rare diagnosis of thoracic endometriosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-224181 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Extra-pelvic endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial tissue or stroma outside of the pelvic cavity, is a rare cause of hemothorax and hemoperitoneum. Here, we present a case of a 34-year-old woman with a history of endometriosis who experienced recurrent, cyclical episodes of hemorrhagic pleural effusions and ascites. Despite multiple surgeries to address the ectopic endometrial implants, her symptoms persisted for years without definitive resolution, illustrating the challenges of treatment even after the diagnosis has been established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Womens Health
July 2025
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Background: Thoracic endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue in or around lungs and on the diaphragm and is frequently associated with pelvic endometriosis.
Case Presentation: In this case report, a 22-year-old Caucasian patient reported right hypochondrium pain without other associated symptoms and was diagnosed with cholelithiasis. She underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and an abdominal cavity examination revealed a diaphragmatic endometriotic nodule and endometriosis foci in the right diaphragm, pelvic ligaments, and left adnexal area.
Am J Case Rep
July 2025
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Soedirman Jenderal University, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.
BACKGROUND Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is the most common manifestation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome, typically managed with hormonal therapy to suppress ovarian function and prevent recurrence. However, this approach conflicts with pregnancy planning, creating a therapeutic dilemma. While previous reports have discussed CP management, limited evidence exists on long-term strategies that balance disease control with fertility preservation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbdom Radiol (NY)
June 2025
Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, Scottsdale, USA.
Endometriosis, affecting approximately 10% of reproductive-age women, presents significant diagnostic challenges due to its variable clinical presentation and anatomic distributions. Despite advances in imaging technology, accurate detection and characterization of endometriotic lesions remain complex, with diagnostic delays averaging 7-12 years from symptom onset. This review analyzes the spectrum of imaging strengths and potential pitfalls across imaging modalities used to assess endometriosis focusing on technical factors and anatomic blind spots that can impact diagnostic accuracy and clinical management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbdom Radiol (NY)
June 2025
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA.
Endometriosis is a common condition primarily impacting women of childbearing age. Despite increasing awareness that endometriosis can be diagnosed non-invasively with the correct imaging techniques, there exists a significant delay in diagnosis, to the tune of 5-10 years. This gap can be narrowed by understanding that this is a disease that lends itself to pattern recognition, and learning to recognize the characteristic patterns on any imaging study will allow earlier diagnosis and prevent long-term complications that can occur with progressive, untreated endometriosis.
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