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Inner cell Mass (ICM) specification into epiblast (Epi) and primitive endoderm (PrE) is an asynchronous and progressive process taking place between E3.0 to E3.75 under the control of the Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)/Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Here, we have analyzed in details the kinetics of specification and found that ICM cell responsiveness to the up and down regulation of FGF signaling activity are temporally distinct. We also showed that PrE progenitors are generated later than Epi progenitors. We further demonstrated that, during this late phase of specification, a 4 hours period of FGF/ERK inhibition prior E3.75 is sufficient to convert ICM cells into Epi. Finally, we showed that ICM conversion into Epi in response to inhibition during this short time window requires both transcription and proteasome degradation. Collectively, our data give new insights into the timing and mechanisms involved in the process of ICM specification.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12120-0 | DOI Listing |
Vet Anim Sci
September 2025
Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
Crossbreeding between Duroc and Pietrain breeds is widely applied in genetic improvement programs to enhance productivity and carcass quality, aligning with sustainability goals and consumer demands. Additionally, sex is a relevant factor influencing performance and carcass traits. This study evaluate performance, carcass characteristics, and primary cut weights in pigs from different genetic lines and sexes, as well as their interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiol Spectr
August 2025
Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université Versailles-Saint Quentin, Unité de Virologie et d'Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Unlabelled: Mammalian prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders caused by the conformational conversion of the host-encoded prion protein (PrP) into a pathogenic, misfolded isoform, known as PrP. Definitive diagnosis currently relies on post-mortem histopathological examination of the central nervous system. Among emerging diagnostic tools, amplification techniques such as Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) have demonstrated high sensitivity, specificity, and speed, although certain prion strains remain difficult to amplify.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Med Res
June 2025
Thoracic Surgery Department, Haut Lévêque Hospital, Bordeaux University Hospital and Bordeaux University, ave de Magellan, 33604, Bordeaux, France; Pathology Department, Haut Lévêque Hospital, Bordeaux University Hospital and Bordeaux University, ave de Magellan, 33604, Bordeaux, France. Electro
Objective: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a major public health concern, with tobacco and environmental exposures to carcinogens (such as asbestos, radon, and silica) recognized as major risk factors. This study investigates the impact of occupational exposure, particularly to crystalline silica on peri‑ and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for NSCLC.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 251 patients who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy between 2018 and 2021, with occupational exposure data collected postoperatively.
Sci Adv
June 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Intracellular parasites, including and , the agents of human babesiosis and malaria, depend on the salvage or de novo synthesis of critical nutrients for survival within human erythrocytes. Among these, polyamines play a pivotal role, but their specific requirements and molecular functions in intraerythrocytic parasites remain poorly understood. We identify spermidine as a key polyamine for and for intraerythrocytic development.
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May 2025
Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
Both neurons and glia communicate through diffusible neuromodulators; however, how neuron-glial interactions in such neuromodulatory networks influence circuit computation and behavior is unclear. During futility-induced behavioral transitions in the larval zebrafish, the neuromodulator norepinephrine (NE) drives fast excitation and delayed inhibition of behavior and circuit activity. We found that astroglial purinergic signaling implements the inhibitory arm of this motif.
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