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The design and construction of low jitter programmable phase-locked loop with low temperature coefficient of phase are presented. It has been designed for demanding high precision timing applications, especially as a clock source for event timer with subpicosecond precision. The phase-locked loop itself has a jitter of few hundreds of femtoseconds. It produces square wave with programmable output frequency from 100 MHz to 500 MHz and programmable amplitude of 0.25 V to 1.2 V peak-to-peak, which is locked to 5 MHz or 10 MHz reference frequency common for disciplined oscillators and highly stable clocks such as hydrogen maser. Moreover, it comprises an on-board temperature compensated crystal oscillator for stand-alone usage. The device provides temperature coefficient of the phase lock of 0.9 ps/K near room temperature.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977485 | DOI Listing |
Brain Stimul
September 2025
Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Background: Precisely timed brain stimulation, such as phase-locked deep brain stimulation (PLDBS), offers a promising approach to modulating dysfunctional neural networks by enhancing or suppressing specific oscillations. However, its clinical application has been hindered by the lack of user-friendly systems and the challenge of real-time phase estimation amid stimulation artifacts.
Material And Method: In this work, we developed a clinically translatable PLDBS framework that enables real-time, cycle-by-cycle stimulation using standard amplifiers and a computer-in-the-loop system.
Rev Sci Instrum
September 2025
Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
An interferometer used for displacement measurement is typically adjusted to the center or another appropriate point of the interferometer fringe as a working point to yield maximum detection sensitivity and linearity. The interferometer is prone to varying misalignment in the course of measurements, most noticeable due to thermal drift affecting the interferometer dimensions. We introduce an automatic correction mechanism based on a proportional/integral (PI) control loop to remove any error in the alignment of the fiber interferometer, specifically long-term drift.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
September 2025
Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
We report the development of a variable-temperature Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) system based on a Gifford-McMahon cryocooler, which enables stable and highly sensitive operation across a broad temperature range. The system integrates a custom-designed phase-locked loop, automatic gain control, and compact passive vibration isolation stages, effectively suppressing mechanical vibrations intrinsic to cryostats. We demonstrate the system's performance using a monolayer graphene (MLG) device encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride, serving as a benchmark platform to validate spatial resolution and CPD sensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFiber-optic gyroscopes (FOGs) are widespread sensors used in different fields, such as inertial sensing, navigation, positioning systems, and seismology. In particular, for applications where high bandwidth and dynamic range are necessary, such as rotational seismology, FOGs are used in closed-loop configuration. Here, we show a novel closed-loop FOG based on a dual feedback configuration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe conduct a theoretical and experimental analysis for a self-referencing phase-lock module based on the delay-unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (UMZI) and optical phase-locked loop (OPLL). The self-referencing phase-lock module can be integrated with any system, allowing for linewidth narrowing and improved short-term laser stability without affecting the performance of the original system. In this paper, the laser noise detection principle based on UMZI is analyzed, accompanied by the development of UMZI response simulations and OPLL parameter design methods.
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