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Article Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of three methadone doses, combined with acepromazine, in dogs.
Study Design: Prospective, randomized, complete block study.
Animals: Six healthy, adult, cross-bred dogs weighing 17.2±4.4 kg (mean±standard deviation).
Methods: Each dog was administered four treatments: acepromazine (0.05 mg kg) alone or acepromazine (same dose) in combination with methadone (0.25, 0.50 or 0.75 mg kg). All drugs were administered intramuscularly. Sedation was scored by a numeric descriptive scale (NDS, range 0-3) and a simple numerical scale (SNS, range 0-10). Heart rate, invasive blood pressure, arterial blood gases and rectal temperature were measured at 15 to 30 minute intervals for 120 minutes.
Results: According to NDS scores, mild to moderate sedation (NDS=1-2) was observed in most dogs in the acepromazine treatment, with only one out of six dogs scored as exhibiting intense sedation (NDS=3). All treatments with methadone resulted in significantly higher SNS scores compared with acepromazine alone. In these treatments, most dogs exhibited intense sedation (NDS=3). Increasing the dose of methadone from 0.25 to 0.50 or 0.75 mg kg prolonged sedation in a dose-related manner, but did not influence the degree of sedation. The main adverse effects following administration of acepromazine-methadone treatments were decreased blood pressure, mild respiratory acidosis and decreased rectal temperature. These effects were well tolerated and resolved without treatment.
Conclusions And Clinical Relevance: In this study in six dogs, acepromazine-methadone administration resulted in intense sedation in most dogs. The results are interpreted to indicate that a low dose of methadone (0.25 mg kg) administered in combination with acepromazine (0.05 mg kg) will induce short-term sedation in dogs, whereas higher doses of methadone should be administered when prolonged sedation is desired.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2016.04.003 | DOI Listing |
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