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Article Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues are professional antigen-presenting cells that are essential for effective immunity and tolerance. However, the presence and characteristics of DCs in steady-state salivary glands (SGs) currently remain unknown. We herein identified CD64 CD11c classical DCs (cDCs) as well as CD64 macrophages among CD45 MHC class II antigen-presenting cells in steady-state murine SGs. SG cDCs were divided into CD103 CD11b and CD103 CD11b cDCs. CD103 CD11b cDCs expressed XCR1, CLEC9A, and interferon regulatory factor 8, whereas CD103 CD11b cDCs strongly expressed CD172a. Both cDC subsets in SGs markedly expanded in response to the Flt3 ligand (Flt3L), were replenished by bone marrow-derived precursors, and differentiated from common DC precursors, but not monocytes. Furthermore, ovalbumin-pulsed SG CD103 CD11b cDCs induced the proliferation of naïve ovalbumin-specific CD8 T cells and production of interferon-γ from proliferating T cells. SG CD103 CD11b cDCs expanded by Flt3L in vivo exhibited the same properties. These results indicate that bona fide cDCs reside in steady-state murine SGs and cDCs with the CD103 CD11b phenotype possess antigen cross-presenting capacity. Moreover, Flt3L enhances protective immunity by expanding cDCs. Taken together, SG cDCs might play an important role in maintaining immune homeostasis in the tissues.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.201646631 | DOI Listing |
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