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In laboratory visual search experiments, distractors are often statistically independent of each other. However, stimuli in more naturalistic settings are often correlated and rarely independent. Here, we examine whether human observers take stimulus correlations into account in orientation target detection. We find that they do, although probably not optimally. In particular, it seems that low distractor correlations are overestimated. Our results might contribute to bridging the gap between artificial and natural visual search tasks.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4786311 | PMC |
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149402 | PLOS |
J Exp Anal Behav
September 2025
Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway.
Go/no-go successive matching (GNG-matching) tasks are one of several procedures used to establish conditional discriminations. This study presents a systematic review aimed at comparing procedures and outcomes of empirical studies using GNG-matching tasks for the emergence of symmetry, transitive, and global equivalence relations in humans and non-humans. A total of 22 articles were analyzed-nine with nonhumans and thirteen with humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImaging Neurosci (Camb)
September 2025
Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Humans navigate the social world by rapidly perceiving social features from other people and their interaction. Recently, large-language models (LLMs) have achieved high-level visual capabilities for detailed object and scene content recognition and description. This raises the question whether LLMs can infer complex social information from images and videos, and whether the high-dimensional structure of the feature annotations aligns with that of humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Brain Res
September 2025
School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Tinnitus, the auditory perception of sound without an external environmental stimulus, affects 15% of the human population and is associated with hearing loss. Interestingly, anxiety may be a significant risk factor in tinnitus pathophysiology potentially due to underlying common neural circuits of the auditory and limbic systems. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of stress-induced anxiety on tinnitus development in a rat model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pain
October 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Background: Pain catastrophising is a maladaptive cognitive-emotional trait linked to greater pain severity and poorer outcomes, yet its neurophysiological correlates remain unclear.
Objectives: We tested whether pain catastrophising amplifies cortical responses to nociceptive input, independent of subjective pain intensity.
Methods: Fifty-two healthy adults underwent EEG during painful laser stimulation (n = 29; mean age 24.
Trends Hear
September 2025
Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
While blink analysis was traditionally conducted within vision research, recent studies suggest that blinks might reflect a more general cognitive strategy for resource allocation, including with auditory tasks, but its use within the fields of Audiology or Psychoacoustics remains scarce and its interpretation largely speculative. It is hypothesized that as listening conditions become more difficult, the number of blinks would decrease, especially during stimulus presentation, because it reflects a window of alertness. In experiment 1, 21 participants were presented with 80 sentences at different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs): 0, + 7, + 14 dB and in quiet, in a sound-proof room with gaze and luminance controlled (75 lux).
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