Article Synopsis
- - A theropod dinosaur specimen, Dilophosaurus wetherilli, was found with significant bone abnormalities, having eight affected bones in its pectoral girdle and forelimb, which is unprecedented for this group.
- - The left side of the dinosaur's body showed a fractured scapula and radius, with large cysts in the ulna and thumb phalanx, while the right side had twisting of the humerus, tumors on the radius, and deformed finger bones.
- - Evidence of healing suggests the dinosaur lived for an extended time after its injuries, but one of its fingers was permanently deformed, resembling conditions known as developmental osteodysplasia in modern birds but previously undocumented in non-avian dinosaurs.
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Article Abstract
Bone abnormalities are common in theropod dinosaur skeletons, but before now no specimen was known with more than four afflicted bones of the pectoral girdle and/or forelimb. Here we describe the pathology of a specimen of the theropod dinosaur Dilophosaurus wetherilli with eight afflicted bones of the pectoral girdle and forelimb. On its left side the animal has a fractured scapula and radius and large fibriscesses in the ulna and the proximal thumb phalanx. On its right side the animal has abnormal torsion of the humeral shaft, bony tumors on the radius, a truncated distal articular surface of metacarpal III, and angular deformities of the first phalanx of the third finger. Healing and remodeling indicates that the animal survived for months and possibly years after its ailments began, but its right third finger was permanently deformed and lacked the capability of flexion. The deformities of the humerus and the right third finger may be due to developmental osteodysplasia, a condition known in extant birds but unreported in non-avian dinosaurs before now.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4765892 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149140 | PLOS |
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