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The aim of these studies was to establish the influence of fluorination of the indazole ring on the pharmacological properties of two selective α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonists: 1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (marsanidine, A) and its methylene analogue 1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indazole (B). Introduction of fluorine into the indazole ring of A and B reduced both binding affinity and α2-AR/I1 imidazoline binding site selectivity. The most α2-AR-selective ligands were 6-fluoro-1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (6c) and 7-fluoro-1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (6d). The in vivo cardiovascular properties of fluorinated derivatives of A and B revealed that in both cases the C-7 fluorination leads to compounds with the highest hypotensive and bradycardic activities. The α2-AR partial agonist 6c was prepared as a potential lead compound for development of a radiotracer for PET imaging of brain α2-ARs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.083 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Technol
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Nitrogen-containing benzoheterocyclic compounds (NBHCs) are important precursors of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs). The degradation of three NBHCs with different nitrogen atoms, benzotriazole (BTA), indazole (IDZ), and indole (IDO), and N-DBP formation during the ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED)/chlorine process deserve to be investigated. The extremely rapid IDO degradation was attributed to a fast electrophilic substitution of chlorine at the 3-position of the IDO molecule.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFuture Med Chem
August 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
In these review series, recent reports on the design and development of analgesic molecules were reviewed. The primary aim is to examine heterocyclic frameworks involved in pain modulation and, where applicable, to establish structure - activity relationships (SARs). Currently, nine major pathways have been described for pain relief, including prostaglandin synthesis inhibition, opioid receptor modulation, sodium channel blockade, enhancement of serotonin and norepinephrine levels, cannabinoid receptor (CBR) binding, -methyl--aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) antagonism, and P2X purinergic receptor blockade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
July 2025
Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
A series of novel 3-chloro-1H-indazole-based 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (1-15) were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against thymidine phosphorylase and α-glucosidase. Several compounds showed potent dual inhibition, with compound 4 exhibiting the highest activity (IC = 4.70 ± 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Biodivers
June 2025
School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
To develop matrine derivatives with improved anticancer activity, we designed and synthesized 16 derivatives using matrine as the lead compound through drug splicing principles. Using the MTT assay, we evaluated their antiproliferative effects against three human cancer cell lines: cervical cancer (HeLa), hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7), and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231). Most compounds demonstrated superior activity to matrine, with W12 showing the strongest effects (IC values: 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
June 2025
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
Skeletal editing comprises the structural reorganization of compounds. Such editing can be achieved through atom swapping, atom insertion, atom deletion or reorganization of the compound's backbone structure. Conducted at a late stage in drug development campaigns, skeletal editing enables diversification of an existing pharmacophore, enhancing the efficiency of drug development.
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