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Recruitment of extra neural resources may allow people to maintain normal cognition despite amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. Previous fMRI studies have reported such hyperactivation, but it is unclear whether increases represent compensation or aberrant overexcitation. We found that older adults with Aβ deposition had reduced deactivations in task-negative regions, but increased activation in task-positive regions related to more detailed memory encoding. The association between higher activity and more detailed memories suggests that Aβ-related hyperactivation is compensatory.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177011 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.3806 | DOI Listing |
Hum Brain Mapp
September 2025
Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Acting intentionally is a major aspect of human cognitive development and depends on the ability to link actions with their consequences. Action-effect binding (AEB) is a fundamental mechanism enabling this. While AEB has been well-characterized in adults, its neurophysiological underpinnings during adolescence remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsy Behav
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, United States. Electronic address:
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is frequently associated with language impairment. This meta-analysis quantitatively synthesized data from 12 functional neuroimaging studies, including 390 TLE patients and 356 healthy controls (age range: 8.1-70 years; 57.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortex
August 2025
University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh PA 15219, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA.
The neural circuitry engaged in supporting eye movements has been well characterized, but fundamental questions remain about the necessity and sufficiency of the individual hemispheric contributions. To gain a better understanding of the neural correlates of oculomotor control, we measured horizontal smooth pursuit tracking behavior in 14 patients following childhood hemispherectomy. Relative to developmentally typical age-matched controls, patients exhibited a bilateral and asymmetric pursuit deficit with reduced ipsilesional but elevated contralesional eye speeds, and asymmetric accompanying 'catch up' saccades.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng
September 2025
Understanding muscle synergy variability and its clinical relevance in rotator cuff tear (RCT) patients is crucial for elucidating motor control mechanisms and informing rehabilitation. This study uses non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to assess the influence of age and pathological factors on synergy patterns during abduction (ABD) and flexion (FL) tasks. Fifteen young controls (YC), fifteen elderly controls (EC), and twenty elderly RCT patients were recruited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPre-sensory (ps), peripherally-generated spontaneous activity (SA) is important for establishing basic topography of central components of sensory pathways. However, roles for psSA in sculpting connections at the single neuron level and in driving functional maturation of postsynaptic targets are difficult to isolate and therefore little explored. We capitalized on the temporal onset of cochlea-generated psSA just prior to growth of the calyx of Held (CH), the largest nerve terminal in the mammalian brain, and its well-defined circuit topography to explore the causal roles for psSA in targeted synaptogenesis and postsynaptic functional maturation.
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