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Neutral molecular markers are gene sequences where variants are considered to confer no fitness advantage, such as microsatellites and mitochondrial haplotypes. Several types of neutral marker are easy to develop, cheap to use, and have found extensive application for addressing ecological questions. In biocontrol, these markers are used to simplify identification of cryptic species and of prey remains in predators. Here, we address the potential of neutral molecular markers for determining the relative performance of a "superior" strain of a species after release into an already established conspecific population. We used modeling to show that only under very limited conditions can traditional neutral markers be used to demonstrate that beneficial genetic variation was successfully introgressed into the existing population. However, new population genomic methods do make it possible to track alleles at a large number of loci and consequently make it possible to show if alleles from a superior strain spread in an already established conspecific population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ec13444 | DOI Listing |
Front Genet
August 2025
Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CRIBENS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
Neutral Lipid Storage Disease with Myopathy (NLSDM) is a rare lipid metabolism disorder caused by impaired Adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL) activity, leading to neutral lipid accumulation in various tissues. It typically manifests with progressive skeletal myopathy, with an onset of around 35 years. In addition, some patients develop cardiomyopathy and liver dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun
September 2025
Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
In the structure of the title compound, CHN·CHNOS·CHNOS, the central pyridinic rings are approximately coplanar to the benzo-thia-zole moieties. The phenyl groups are appreciably angled to the central rings [inter-planar angles of 57.30 (3)° for the anion and 79.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 64, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
The unit cell of the title compound, [Ni(CHNO)]·2CHOH, consists of a neutral complex and two methanol mol-ecules. In the complex, the two tridentate 2-[3-(benzo[][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl]-6-(1-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine ligands coordinate to the central Ni ion through nitro-gen atoms of the pyrazole, pyridine and triazole groups, forming a pseudo-octa-hedral coordination sphere. Neighbouring mol-ecules are linked through weak C-H(pz)⋯π(ph) inter-actions into monoperiodic chains, which are further linked through weak C-H⋯H/N/C inter-actions into diperiodic layers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
September 2025
Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States.
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the swelling behavior of poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels of different molecular weights under various conditions. The rheological response and swelling kinetics of PEG hydrogels with molecular weight between cross-links ranging from 700 to 10 000 g/mol reveal the connection between architecture and material properties that are important for soft actuators. In addition to providing insight into the network structure and cross-linking density, rheological measurements find that the shear moduli of the networks increase with the degree of water swelling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Food Sci Technol
October 2025
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Engineering Research Centre of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China.
Unlabelled: A complex enzyme mixture of papain, neutral protease, and flavor protease was used to treat sesame meal at 50 °C for 3 h, yielding four peptide fractions (PF) with distinct molecular weight distributions of PF1 (> 10 kDa), PF2 (3-10 kDa), PF3 (1-3 kDa), and PF4 (< 1 kDa). and xylose were added to peptide mixtures heated to 120 °C in an oil bath for 120 min to form Maillard reaction product (MRP). PF4 peptides (< 1 kDa) had a substantial impact on pH, color, and browning intensity, whereas PF3 peptides (1-3 kDa) improved the meat-like flavor, mouth fullness, and umami taste.
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