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Objective(s): The dopamine level of the nucleus accumbens changes during some stereotyped behaviors. To study dopamine level of the nucleus accumbens in intra infralimbic apomorphine-induced climbing, microdialysis probes were implanted into the nucleus accumbens shell of male Sprague Dawley rats weighting 275-400 g.
Materials And Methods: The rats were divided into two groups (apomorphine and control) of least eleven rats in each group. Apomorphine at dose of 5 μg/0.5 μl or its vehicle was microinjected into the infralimbic in apomorphine and control groups respectively. Then, changes in dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell were monitored. The concentration of dopamine was measured by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electochemical (HPLC-ECD). Finally, the stereotyped behaviors were recorded.
Results: The mean of dopamine levels for all of after microinjection period in control and drug groups were 450% and 150% respectively compared to those of before microinjection period. However, there was no significant difference between groups of apomorphine and control. In addition, the return of dopamine level to the baseline was faster in apomorphine group than the control group.
Conclusion: The intra infralimbic apomorphine -induced climbing at dose of 5 μg/0.5 μl was not modulated via the increase of dopamine level in the nucleus accumbens area.
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Eur J Transl Myol
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Community Nursing Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan.
The complexity of schizophrenia, particularly in cases resistant to traditional pharmacological treatments, poses significant challenges for clinicians and researchers. This systematic review synthesizes existing evidence on the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation in treating treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Utilizing the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in March 2025 using the "Connected Papers" tool and other sources such as Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Scopus, focusing on studies related to "deep brain stimulation," "treatment-resistant schizophrenia," and "refractory schizophrenia.
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September 2025
Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Objective: To assess biological factors associated with anhedonia in depression and amotivation in cannabis use (PROSPERO: CRD42023422438).
Method: A systematic review was conducted of 8 electronic databases. Inclusion criteria included original research studies that investigated the association of biological factors or behavioral tasks with depression combined with concepts of anhedonia or cannabis combined with concepts of amotivation including apathy.
J Affect Disord
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic addr
Background: In adolescents, the role of functional dysconnectivity in the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SAN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and reward network as markers of borderline personality disorder (BPD) remains uncertain.
Methods: A total of 45 adolescents with BPD comorbid with a mood disorder (bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder), 31 adolescents without BPD but with a mood disorder, and 47 healthy adolescents were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging.
Int J Eat Disord
September 2025
Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Objective: Converging evidence from neuroimaging studies and genome-wide association study (GWAS) suggests the involvement of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum dysfunction in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa (AN). However, identifying the causal role of circuit-specific genes in the development of the AN-like phenotype remains challenging and requires the combination of novel molecular tools and preclinical models.
Methods: We used the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rat model in combination with a novel viral-based translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) technique to identify transcriptional differences within a specific neural pathway that we have previously demonstrated to mediate pathological weight loss in ABA rats (i.
J Affect Disord
September 2025
University of Denver, Department of Psychology, United States of America; University of California, Irvine, Department of Pediatrics, United States of America. Electronic address:
Anhedonia is increasingly recognized as a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology. New evidence demonstrates that anhedonia is present in infancy and early childhood. Structural variability in striatal regions involved in reward processing and pleasure seeking is concurrently linked to anhedonia, yet few studies have examined whether striatal differences presage anhedonia, and none have examined prospective associations before middle childhood.
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