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Using four experiments, this study investigates what amount of delay brings about maximal impairment under delayed visual feedback and whether a critical interval, such as that in audition, also exists in vision. The first experiment measured the Grooved Pegboard test performance as a function of visual feedback delays from 120 to 2120 ms in 16 steps. Performance sharply decreased until about 490 ms, then more gradually until 2120 ms, suggesting that two mechanisms were operating under delayed visual feedback. Since delayed visual feedback differs from delayed auditory feedback in that the former induces not only temporal but also spatial displacements between motor and sensory feedback, this difference could also exist in the mechanism responsible for spatial displacement. The second experiment was hence conducted to provide simultaneous haptic feedback together with delayed visual feedback to inform correct spatial position. The disruption was significantly ameliorated when information about spatial position was provided from a haptic source. The sharp decrease in performance of up to approximately 300 ms was followed by an almost flat performance. This is similar to the critical interval found in audition. Accordingly, the mechanism that caused the sharp decrease in performance in experiments 1 and 2 was probably mainly responsible for temporal disparity and is common across different modality-motor combinations, while the other mechanism that caused a rather gradual decrease in performance in experiment 1 was mainly responsible for spatial displacement. In experiments 3 and 4, the reliability of spatial information from the haptic source was reduced by wearing a glove or using a tool. When the reliability of spatial information was reduced, the data lay between those of experiments 1 and 2, and that a gradual decrease in performance partially reappeared. These results further support the notion that two mechanisms operate under delayed visual feedback.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00061 | DOI Listing |
AJO Int
October 2025
Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
Purpose: Michigan Screening and Intervention for Glaucoma and Eye Health through Telemedicine Program (MI-SIGHT) was developed to facilitate access to glaucoma and eye disease screening and improve attendance at recommended follow-up in underserved communities. MI-SIGHT offered free eye disease screenings, low-cost glasses and for those who screened positive for glaucoma, personalized education, and language-concordant coaching grounded in motivational interviewing. The primary aims of this study were 1) To explore barriers to eye care among Latine participants with limited English proficiency (LEP) who screened positive for glaucoma, 2) to understand whether and how the MI-SIGHT program facilitated access to care and 3) to understand participant experience in MI-SIGHT to inform the development of future interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Cogn Psychother
September 2025
Early Intervention in Psychosis Services, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Background: Hallucinations and other unusual sensory experiences (USE) are common in people with psychosis. Yet access to effective psychological therapies remains limited. We evaluated if we can increase access to psychological therapy by using a brief treatment, focused only on understanding and dealing with hallucinations (Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences; MUSE), delivered by a less trained but more widely available workforce that harnessed the benefits (engaging content, standardisation) afforded by digital technology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Eng Phys
October 2025
Mechatronics Engineering Department, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Serdivan, Sakarya, 54600, Sakarya, Turkey; Systems Engineering Department, Military Technological College, Al Matar, Muscat, 111, Muscat, Oman. Electronic address:
Balance is a critical component of daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to develop a cost-effective exercise system for the rehabilitation of balance disorders by combining a sensor module with target-oriented video games. The system, designed using a microcontroller-controlled sensor module and Unity game engine, features a game component that provides visual feedback and is synchronized with the platform movements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst
September 2025
Neuroprostheses capable of providing Somatotopic Sensory Feedback (SSF) enables the restoration of tactile sensations in amputees, thereby enhancing prosthesis embodiment, object manipulation, balance and walking stability. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) represents a primary noninvasive technique for eliciting somatotopic sensations. Devices commonly used to evaluate the effectiveness of TENS stimulation are often bulky and main powered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Cybern
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 61801, IL, USA.
In this article, a biophysically realistic model of a soft octopus arm with internal musculature is presented. The modeling is motivated by experimental observations of sensorimotor control where an arm localizes and reaches a target. Major contributions of this article are: (i) development of models to capture the mechanical properties of arm musculature, the electrical properties of the arm peripheral nervous system (PNS), and the coupling of PNS with muscular contractions; (ii) modeling the arm sensory system, including chemosensing and proprioception; and (iii) algorithms for sensorimotor control, which include a novel feedback neural motor control law for mimicking target-oriented arm reaching motions, and a novel consensus algorithm for solving sensing problems such as locating a food source from local chemical sensory information (exogenous) and arm deformation information (endogenous).
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