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A 38-year-old Japanese man with Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD) had repeated pathological fractures and frontal lobe symptoms which developed when he was 18 and 26 years old, respectively. Neuropsychological testing showed memory impairment, and in particular, visuo-spatial memory at the age of 35. Furthermore, single-photon emission computed tomography revealed precuneus hypoperfusion. The patient later suffered prolonged convulsive seizures, which left him in a persistent vegetative state. Genetic testing confirmed a heterozygous mutation in the DAP12 gene (a single-base deletion of 141 G in exon 3) specific to NHD. Precuneus dysfunction might contribute to characteristic memory impairment of NHD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.50.5891 | DOI Listing |
Dement Neuropsychol
August 2025
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Neurologia, Natal RN, Brazil.
Unlabelled: The polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy-Nasu-Hakola disease-is a hereditary and progressive pathology, which is mainly associated with pre-senile dementia and changes in bone architecture.
Objective: To report two rare cases of sibling patients treated with early-onset dementia syndrome with genetic etiology, and to review the literature on the topic.
Methods: Review of medical records, interviews and recording of the diagnostic methods to which patients were subjected.
Int J Mol Sci
July 2025
Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) is a membrane-bound receptor primarily expressed on microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). TREM2 plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, phagocytosis, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. Mutations in the TREM2 gene have been linked to various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Struct Biotechnol J
July 2025
Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, Medical Teaching Facility, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA.
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), an immune receptor expressed on the surface of microglia, has been identified through genome-wide association studies to be one of the risk factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies have also identified missense variants of TREM2 to be associated with frontotemporal dementia and Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD). To date, 51 novel missense variants of TREM2 have been identified in the literature, with the disease risk profiles of most variants still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Neurobiol
June 2025
School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Leukodystrophies are a diverse group of inherited diseases characterised by white matter degenerative pathology. Leukodystrophies have a highly heterogeneous genetic background linked mainly to mutations in oligodendrocyte and astrocyte genes and, to lesser extent, microglia. The most prevalent leukodystrophies are caused by mutations in oligodendrocyte genes that encode the essential myelin proteins PLP1 and GalC in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and Krabbe disease, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Neurodegener
April 2025
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Biallelic loss-of-function variants in TYROBP and TREM2 cause autosomal recessive presenile dementia with bone cysts known as Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD, alternatively polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy, PLOSL). Some other TREM2 variants contribute to the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia, while deleterious TYROBP variants are globally extremely rare and their role in neurodegenerative diseases remains unclear. The population history of Finns has favored the enrichment of deleterious founder mutations, including a 5.
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