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Objective: Monoolein (MO) cubic phase containing acidic proteinoid was prepared for a pH-dependent release.
Methods: The acidic proteinoid was prepared by a thermal-condensation reaction of Asp and Leu (9.85/0.15 in molar ratio). To prepare MO cubic phase, molten MO was hydrated with the proteinoid solution in distilled water. For pH-dependent release experiment, amaranth was included as an anionic dye, and either auramine O or methylene blue was contained as a cationic dye.
Results: The release of amaranth from the cubic phase was promoted under neutral and alkali conditions, possibly because of electrostatic repulsions between the anionic dye and the ionized carboxylic group of the acidic proteinoid. On the contrary, the releases of auramine O and methylene blue were suppressed under neutral and alkali conditions, probably because of electrostatic interactions between the cationic dyes and the ionized carboxylic group.
Conclusion: The acidic proteinoid is believed to control the releases in response to change in pH.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2010.491830 | DOI Listing |
Langmuir
September 2025
Unconventional Computing Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
This study examines how proteinoids and myelin interact in biomimetic neural systems. These interactions reveal electrochemical properties and computing capabilities. Proteinoids are made when amino acids heat up and bond together.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
July 2025
Unconventional Computing Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
Proteinoids, or thermal proteinoids, are produced by heating amino-acids. When placed in water, proteinoids swell into microspheres which produce neuron-like spikes of electrical potential. This study combines proteinoid microspheres with Emiliania huxleyi algae to create advanced bioelectronic signal processing systems with neuromorphic characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
May 2025
Unconventional Computing Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
Proteinoids are thermal proteins produced by heating amino acids to their melting point and initiation of polymerization to produce polymeric chains. Proteinoids swell in aqueous solution forming hollow microspheres, usually filled with aqueous solution. The microspheres produce spikes of electrical potential similar to the action potentials of living neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosystems
June 2025
Future University Hakodate, Kameda Nakano cho 116-2, Hakodate, 041-8655, Hokkaido, Japan. Electronic address:
This study aimed to investigate the potential of proteinoids to act as substrates for chemical oscillatory reactions. Proteinoids are thermally polymerized polymers of multiple amino acids, and their unique physicochemical properties make them suitable substrates in chemical vibration reactions. To this end, experiments were carried out using the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) and Briggs-Rauscher (BR) reactions as models, with the proteinoids acting as substrates and the resulting cyclic color changes and redox potential fluctuations being observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
February 2025
Unconventional Computing Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
Proteinoids, or thermal proteins, are produced by heating amino acids. Proteinoids form hollow microspheres in water. The microspheres produce oscillation of electrical potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF