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The position of the emerging point has rarely been investigated as a factor possibly affecting the future nest settlement behaviour in Hymenoptera, in particular within nest aggregations. We studied the emergence and dispersion patterns of the digger wasp Stizus continuus. Individuals emerged daily in clumped patterns, possibly revealing a certain synchrony of emergence from the same nests, and protandry appeared both at seasonal and daily level. Differences between the number of females that nested relatively close or far from their emergence holes (EH) were either significant or not, depending on the year, and observed dispersal distances from the natal nests did not differ from those obtained by random simulations. By contrast, females nested close to the nearest conspecific nest. Size did not affect the dispersion patterns. EH are thus not important cues for nest establishment, and conspecific nests are probably the key cue for nest-founding females. In addition, males did not prefer to establish territories close to their natal nest.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2009.11.014 | DOI Listing |
J Therm Biol
July 2025
Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa; Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa.
Understanding crocodile nest site selection is important in the context of climate change and related habitat alterations. This study assessed a current nesting environment on a crocodile farm in South Africa, examining associations between various nest site selection parameters, with a particular emphasis on the role of temperature. It was hypothesized that thermal profiles of nests and factors affecting nest temperatures (orientation, shading, grassy cover) would directly impact nest site selections, nests closer to waterbodies would be preferred, dominant females would dictate nesting area use, and human presence would not impact nesting behaviours as farmed crocodiles are accustomed to this.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
June 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India.
The present study explored the mechanism behind the fluorosis-mediated neurodevelopmental disorder and its intervention by naringin in prenatal and perinatal models in Wistar rats. Both in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to assess autophagy, oxidative stress, neurogenesis, and impaired molecular dynamics markers. The experiment was conducted over a period of 120 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNatal dispersal plays an important role in the ecological and evolutionary processes of a species and has major implications for its conservation. Here, we studied natal dispersal patterns in the Pannonian population of the vulnerable eastern imperial eagle in regard to sex, local density, and dispersal direction. We defined local density at each nest as the reciprocal of the area of the Thiessen polygon drawn around the nest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe White-backed Vulture () is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa but faces population decline due to habitat degradation, poisoning, food loss, and energy infrastructure. This study examines how tree species, height, trunk circumference, and vegetation type influence nest placement in the Kempiana and Manyeleti Nature Reserves, South Africa. Using high-resolution aerial imagery, we identified habitat types and surveyed 106 trees, including 31 nesting trees.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Ecol
April 2025
Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
The evolution of sociality is one of the major evolutionary transitions in the history of life and a key step in this transition is the occurrence of kin associations. Yet, the question of what demographic processes and environmental factors generate kin-structured populations and drive kin-directed cooperation remains open. In this review, we synthesise 30 years of studies of the long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus, which has a kin-selected cooperative breeding system with redirected help: failed breeders may help to raise offspring of conspecifics, typically relatives, breeding nearby.
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