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A simple approach is described for the preparation of chitooligosaccharide-based giant vesicles with variable size by simply tuning the water content in the water-dioxane mixture, by which reactive vesicles with diameters in the range of 0.5-400 microm were easily prepared.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b718117e | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Life-like Materials and Systems, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
Transmembrane signaling is essential for cellular communication, yet reconstituting such mechanisms in synthetic systems remains challenging. Here, we report a simple and robust DNA-based mechanism for transmembrane signaling in synthetic cells using cholesterol-modified single-stranded DNA (Chol-ssDNA). We discovered that anchored Chol-ssDNA spontaneously flips across the membrane of giant unilamellar lipid vesicles (GUVs) in a nucleation-driven, defect-mediated process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutophagy
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Macroautophagy (hereafter, autophagy) is essential for the degradation of mitochondria from yeast to humans. Mitochondrial autophagy in yeast is initiated when the selective autophagy scaffolding protein Atg11 is recruited to mitochondria through its interaction with the selective autophagy receptor Atg32. This also results in the recruitment of small 30-nm vesicles that fuse to generate the initial phagophore membrane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiophys J
September 2025
Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, IL 60208, USA. Electronic address:
The physical properties of lipid membranes are essential to cellular function, with membrane fluidity playing a key role in the mobility of embedded biomolecules. Fluidity is governed by the membrane's phase state, which is known to depend on composition and temperature. However, in living cells, the transmembrane electric potential may also influence membrane fluidity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
August 2025
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a primary defense against pathogens. Here, we examined the interaction of two BP100 analogs, RR-BP100 (where Arg substitutes Lys 2 and 5) and RR-BP100-A-NH-C (where an Ala and a C hydrocarbon chain are added to the RR-BP100 C-terminus), with membrane models. Large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were prepared with the major lipids in Gram-positive (GP) and Gram-negative (GN) bacteria, as well as red blood cells (RBCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
August 2025
Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster Münster Germany
Cell motility is a fundamental process involved in many complex cellular events and the development of synthetic cells that mimic cell motility enables us to understand the composite mechanisms underlying it. Here, we use giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) as simplified models to investigate how the surface density of ligands and their lateral mobility influences adhesion-dependent cell motility. In particular, we use the photoswitchable interactions between the proteins iLID (improved light-inducible dimer) and nano (wild-type SspB) to induce light-responsive adhesions of the GUVs on the SLBs and systematically tune adhesion properties by varying receptor and ligand densities, and assess their effects on the reversibility and dynamics of adhesion.
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