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Positively charged electrostatic patches on protein surfaces are usually indicative of nucleic acid binding interfaces. Interestingly, many proteins which are not involved in nucleic acid binding possess large positive patches on their surface as well. In some cases, the positive patches on the protein are related to other functional properties of the protein family. PatchFinderPlus (PFplus) http://pfp.technion.ac.il is a web-based tool for extracting and displaying continuous electrostatic positive patches on protein surfaces. The input required for PFplus is either a four letter PDB code or a protein coordinate file in PDB format, provided by the user. PFplus computes the continuum electrostatics potential and extracts the largest positive patch for each protein chain in the PDB file. The server provides an output file in PDB format including a list of the patch residues. In addition, the largest positive patch is displayed on the server by a graphical viewer (Jmol), using a simple color coding.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkm401 | DOI Listing |
Adv Healthc Mater
September 2025
National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Melasma is a facial hyperpigmentation disease that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Clinical treatment is limited by the short half-lives and hydrophilicity of drugs, necessitating release curve optimization to maintain a stable therapeutic concentration for an extended period. This article utilizes natural biomaterials to design a core-shell structured microneedle, combining the "immediate release" and "delayed release" module to achieve programmed drug release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO J
September 2025
Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, 70013, Greece.
In the presence of chromatin bridges in cytokinesis, human cells retain actin-rich structures (actin patches) at the base of the intercellular canal to prevent chromosome breakage. Here, we show that daughter nuclei connected by chromatin bridges are under mechanical tension that requires interaction of the nuclear membrane Sun1/2-Nesprin-2 Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex with the actin cytoskeleton, and an intact nuclear lamina. This nuclear tension promotes accumulation of Sun1/2-Nesprin-2 proteins at the base of chromatin bridges and local enrichment of the RhoA-activator PDZ RhoGEF through PDZ-binding to cytoplasmic Nesprin-2 spectrin repeats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall Methods
September 2025
Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong) and School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.
Timely blood resupply is a clinical strategy to treat myocardial infarction, which unavoidably causes myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. With disturbed electrical conduction and oxidative stress in infarcted myocardium, injured heart experiences a negative ventricle remodeling process, and finally leads to heart failure. Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived signaling molecule regulating cardiovascular homeostasis, while vasodilation of systemic vasculature is accompanied by its exogenous supplementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
August 2025
School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology;
The hypothalamus is an ancient brain region that regulates diverse aspects of physiology and behavior, including sleep and wakefulness, appetite, energy homeostasis, anxiety, depression, and social interaction. Specific neuronal populations in the hypothalamus exert their effects via the release of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording is an indispensable approach for studying the roles of these factors in synaptic transmission and brain function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurotrauma Rep
August 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
The sports medicine community and society at large have recognized traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a major public health concern. It is estimated that more than 150 million youths have played football in the United States. As an alternative to blood, sweat is a potential source for protein biomarkers, providing a non-invasive method for objective measurements for head safety guidelines.
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