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The oscillatory phase-resetting model predicts that event-related potential (ERP) components are generated by a superposition of evoked oscillations with different frequencies. We investigate this question in a memory task in which human subjects had to retrieve a verbal label in response to the presentation of a picture. The results show that (i) evoked oscillations in the delta, theta, alpha and beta range undergo a significant phase resetting and (ii) become synchronized in absolute phase during small time windows that (iii) coincide with the latencies of the P1-N1 complex. Our conclusion is that the latencies of ERP components can be predicted at least in part by phase synchronization between frequencies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhh139 | DOI Listing |
Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi
September 2025
Department of Radiology, Division of Clinical Technology, Kagoshima University Hospital.
Purpose: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the most commonly used technique for target localization in radiation therapy. Four-dimensional CBCT (4D CBCT) is valuable for localizing tumors in the lung and liver regions, where the localization accuracy is affected by respiratory motions. However, in image-guided radiation therapy for organs subject to respiratory motion, position verification is often performed using 3D cone beam CT or 2D X-ray images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn N Y Acad Sci
September 2025
BCBL, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia, Spain.
Neural tracking, the alignment of brain activity with the temporal dynamics of sensory input, is a crucial mechanism underlying perception, attention, and cognition. While this concept has gained prominence in research on speech, music, and visual processing, its definition and methodological approaches remain heterogeneous. This paper critically examines neural tracking from both theoretical and methodological perspectives, highlighting how its interpretation varies across studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Struct Biol
September 2025
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address:
Our previously proposed Ras dimerization model is consistent with recent details observed by NMR in that Raf activation is centered on the Ras/Raf dimer, distinct from one in which Ras activates Raf as a monomer with the Raf cysteine rich domain inserted in the membrane. We review mechanistic understanding of Raf activation within nanoclusters of Ras on the membrane, with a shift to dimers upon binding Raf. This sets the stage for a signaling platform composed of Ras/Raf and Galectin dimers that facilitates the release of Raf autoinhibition and folding of the Raf intrinsically disordered region between the Ras-binding domains and the kinase bound to 14-3-3 and MEK.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaos
September 2025
Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-970, Brazil.
Neuronal heterogeneity, characterized by a multitude of spiking neuronal patterns, is a widespread phenomenon throughout the nervous system. In particular, the brain exhibits strong variability among inhibitory neurons. Despite the huge neuronal heterogeneity across brain regions, which in principle could decrease synchronization due to differences in intrinsic neuronal properties, cortical areas coherently oscillate during various cognitive tasks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Rep
November 2025
Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan.
Cell senescence is a state of stable proliferation arrest characterized by morphological changes and high senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. Inducing senescence in cancer cells is beneficial for cancer therapy due to proliferation arrest, however, the mechanisms underlying this process remain insufficiently understood. Therefore, the present study investigated the mechanisms of radiation-induced cellular senescence in A549 human lung cancer cells, focusing on the DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation.
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