Correction: COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness among South Asians in Canada.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.

Impact of an Audit and Feedback-based Intervention on Preparation of Adolescents for Transition to Adult Type 1 Diabetes Care: A Multi-Center Quasi-Experimental Study.

Introduction: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) often report feeling poorly prepared and dissatisfied with the process of transitioning from pediatric to adult type 1 diabetes (T1D) care. We aimed to examine the impact of Bridging the Gap (BTG), an audit and feedback-based intervention, on transition care.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of survey data collected during a multi-center, quasi-experimental pre-post study comparing self-reported completion of important transition activities and preparedness in AYA with T1D between study periods.

Skeletal health status among patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism: results from the Canadian National Hypoparathyroidism Registry (CNHR).

Unlabelled: In the CNHR study, 35% of postmenopausal women had osteoporosis by BMD or fragility fracture, and 4% had both. Three men ≥ 50 had osteoporosis by BMD or fragility fracture (33.3%; n = 3/9).

An audit and feedback-based intervention to improve diabetes management in the year after transfer to adult type 1 diabetes care: A multi-center quasi-experimental study.

Aim: To test whether an audit and feedback-based intervention improved HbA1c 12 months after transfer to type 1 diabetes adult care.

Methods: Multi-centre, quasi-experimental pre-post study of an AF-based intervention targeting paediatric diabetes teams, which encouraged the implementation of an evidence-informed structured transition process at five paediatric diabetes centres in Ontario, Canada. Participants entered the study at their final paediatric visit.

Bridging the gap: a qualitative process evaluation from the perspectives of healthcare professionals of an audit-and-feedback-based intervention to improve transition to adult care for young people living with type 1 diabetes.

Background: The transition from pediatric to adult care is a vulnerable time for young people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Bridging the Gap (BTG) is an audit-and-feedback (AF) intervention aimed at improving both transitions-in-care processes and diabetes management in the year following transition. As part of BTG, we conducted a qualitative process evaluation to understand: (a) what was implemented and how; and (b) the contextual factors (micro-, meso- and macro-) that affected implementation, outcomes and study processes.

Treatment of Subclinical Hyperthyroidism and Incident Atrial Fibrillation.

Context: Treating overt hyperthyroidism prevents atrial fibrillation (AF). Though subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) has been associated with AF, it is unknown whether treating SH prevents AF.

Objective: We aimed to identify the association between treating SH and incident AF.

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness among South Asians in Canada.

We evaluated the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among South Asians living in Ontario, Canada compared to non-South Asians and compared the odds of symptomatic COVID-19 infection and related hospitalizations and deaths among non-vaccinated South Asians and non-South Asians. This was a test negative design study conducted in Ontario, Canada between December 14, 2020 and November 15, 2021. All eligible individuals >18 years with symptoms of COVID-19 were subdivided by ethnicity (South Asian vs other) and vaccination status (vaccinated versus not).

The TRUST Study-TRansition US Together: Evaluating the Impact of a Parent- and Adolescent-Centered Transition Toolkit on Transition Readiness in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Objective: Adolescents with chronic rheumatic disease must increasingly take on more responsibility for disease management from parents as they transition from pediatric to adult care. Yet, there are limited resources to inform and support parents about transition. Here, we evaluate the impact of a Transition Toolkit, geared towards parents and adolescents, on transition readiness, and explore the potential impact of parent-adolescent communication.

Targeting skeletal muscle health with exercise in people with type 1 diabetes: A protocol for HOMET1D, a prospective observational trial with matched controls.

Introduction: Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience a complex set of alterations to skeletal muscle metabolic, neuromuscular, and vascular health; collectively referred to as diabetic myopathy. While the full scope of diabetic myopathy is still being elucidated, evidence suggests that even when individuals with T1D are physically active, indices of myopathy still exist. As such, there is a question if adherence to current physical activity guidelines elicits improvements in skeletal muscle health indices similarly between individuals with and without T1D.

An assessment of adaptation and fidelity in the implementation of an audit and feedback-based intervention to improve transition to adult type 1 diabetes care in Ontario, Canada.

Background: The fit between an intervention and its local context may affect its implementation and effectiveness. Researchers have stated that both fidelity (the degree to which an intervention is delivered, enacted, and received as intended) and adaptation to the local context are necessary for high-quality implementation. This study describes the implementation of an audit and feedback (AF)-based intervention to improve transition to type 1 diabetes adult care, at five sites, in terms of adaptation and fidelity.

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Occurrence of Acute Complications of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes and Overall Glycemic Management.

Objectives: The association of diabetes, and COVID-19 infection has been studied extensively; however, the occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic/hyperosmolar states (HHS) in adults during the lockdown has not been well characterized. In this study, we aimed to identify the impact of the lockdown on occurrence and severity of DKA/HHS admissions and glycemic management.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients admitted to Hamilton Health Sciences with a diagnosis of DKA or HHS from April to September 2019 (pre-lockdown) and from April to September 2020 (lockdown).

Characteristics of Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue, Metabolic Health and the Gut Microbiome in Adults.

Context: Compared with the relatively benign effects of increased subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume is a causal risk factor for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. In rodents, increased VAT volume and triglyceride density and ectopic lipid accumulation in kidneys and liver have been induced by alterations in the gut microbiome. However, few studies have characterized these relationships in humans.

Diabetes remission and relapse following an intensive metabolic intervention combining insulin glargine/lixisenatide, metformin and lifestyle approaches: Results of a randomised controlled trial.

Aim: Non-surgical options for inducing type 2 diabetes remission are limited. We examined whether remission can be achieved by combining lifestyle approaches and short-term intensive glucose-lowering therapy.

Methods: In this trial, 160 patients with type 2 diabetes on none to two diabetes medications other than insulin were randomised to (a) an intervention comprising lifestyle approaches, insulin glargine/lixisenatide and metformin, or (b) standard care.

The association of maternal sugary beverage consumption during pregnancy and the early years with childhood sugary beverage consumption.

Objectives: A woman's food choices during pregnancy may be associated with her offspring's food choices. Several studies support an association between childhood sugary beverage (SB) consumption and poor cardiometabolic health. This study aimed to assess the association of maternal SB consumption during pregnancy and later, with her offspring's SB consumption in early infancy and childhood.

Seropositivity and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a South Asian community in Ontario: a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Background: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the South Asian community in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) was identified as having risk factors for exposure and specific barriers to accessing testing and reliable health information, rendering them particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We sought to investigate the burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection among South Asian people in the GTA, and to characterize the demographic characteristics, risk perceptions and trusted sources of health information in this group.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis from the baseline assessment of participants in a prospective cohort study.

Development and Validation of the Transition Readiness Assessment Instrument in Type 1 Diabetes "On TRAck".

Objectives: Transition to adult care is challenging for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their caregivers. We have developed the diabetes-specific "On TRAck" transition readiness scale, and in this study we assess its reliability and validity compared with TRANSITION-Q, a generic transition readiness questionnaire.

Methods: We systematically created 3 versions of On TRAck: adolescent, parent and health-care provider (HCP) versions (for case managers and physicians).

Indications for ordering thyroid-stimulating hormone in noncritically ill adult inpatients-A Delphi consensus recommendation.

Background: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is ordered commonly among inpatients, but the possibility of nonthyroidal illness syndrome challenges interpretation.

Objective: Our objective was to obtain Canadian consensus on appropriate indications for ordering TSH in the first 48 h following presentation of a noncritically ill internal medicine patient.

Design, Setting And Participants: Canadian endocrinologists with inpatient expertise were invited via snowball sampling to an online 3-round Delphi study.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the mental and physical health of children enrolled in a paediatric weight management clinic.

Background: Obesity is a global public health concern. Given the widespread disruption caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it is important to evaluate its impact on children with chronic health conditions. This study examines the health of paediatric patients with obesity enrolled in a tertiary hospital weight management program, before and 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic.

Impaired Cold-Stimulated Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue Activity in Young Boys With Obesity.

Childhood obesity is a growing worldwide problem. In adults, lower cold-induced brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is linked to obesity and metabolic dysfunction; this relationship remains uncertain in children. In this cross-sectional study, we compared cold-induced supraclavicular (SCV) BAT activity (percent change in proton density fat fraction [PDFF]) within the SCV region after 1 h of whole-body cold exposure (18°C), using MRI in 26 boys aged 8-10 years: 13 with normal BMI and 13 with overweight/obesity.

Relationship of parental feeding practices and diet with children's diet among South Asians in Canada.

Background: South Asian children's diets are considered unhealthy, yet the relationship with food parenting among South Asians is understudied.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, questionnaires were administered to dyads of Canadian South Asian elementary and high school children and a parent. Relationships between parental factors (perceived responsibility, restriction, pressure to eat, monitoring, home food environment, nutrition knowledge and intake of fruits and vegetables (FV), sugary beverages (SB) and sweets and fast foods (SWFF) and children's intake of FV, SB and SWFF were assessed by linear regression adjusted for sociodemographics.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Type 1 Diabetes: Relationship With Autoimmune and Microvascular Complications.

Purpose: To assess reported rates of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and their association with autoimmune diseases and microvascular complications in adults and children with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: The Gastrointestinal Symptom Scale was used to assess GI symptom type and severity in 2370 patients with type 1 diabetes aged 8 to 45 years evaluated as part of a clinical trial screening for celiac disease (CD). The presence and severity of GI symptoms and relationships with demographic, clinical, and other diabetes-related factors were evaluated.

Deriving Normative Data on 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for South Asian Children (ASHA): A Clinical Research Protocol.

Background: The global prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents has increased over the past 2 decades and is the strongest predictor of adult hypertension. South Asians have an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome associated risk factors including abdominal obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. All these factors contribute to their increased cardiovascular disease burden.