Early Oral Feeding in Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Propensity Score-matching Study.

Background/aim: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is adopted in clinical practice worldwide, but a lack of evidence for measurable benefits after upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgeries can be detected especially regarding early oral feeding.

Patients And Methods: A propensity score-matching study was conducted at the Department of Surgery of the University of Pécs between January 2020 and December 2023. The study included patients who underwent upper GI cancer surgery and were treated according to an early oral feeding protocol (EOF).

Interpretation of LDH Values after Kidney Transplantation.

Kidney transplantation is the gold-standard therapy for end-stage renal disease. However, in the early postoperative period following allograft kidney transplantation, insufficient graft function presents a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. Ischemic damage to the graft and/or an early autoimmune rejection may cause a decrease in function.

Elucidation of the binding mode of organic polysulfides on the human TRPA1 receptor.

Previous studies have established that endogenous inorganic polysulfides have significant biological actions activating the Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptor. Organic polysulfides exert similar effects, but they are much more stable molecules, therefore these compounds are more suitable as drugs. In this study, we aimed to better understand the mechanism of action of organic polysulfides by identification of their binding site on the TRPA1 receptor.

Application of a Self-developed, Low-budget Indocyanine Green Camera in Surgical Imaging - a Single Institution's Experiences.

Introduction: Indocyanine green is a fluorescent dye, the use of which is becoming more and more widespread in different areas of surgery. Several international studies deal with the dye's usefulness in intraoperative angiography, the localization of tumors, the more precise identification of anatomical structures, the detection of lymph nodes and lymph ducts, etc. The application of the dye is safe, but a suitable equipment park is required for its use, which entails relatively high costs.

[Operative treatment of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation with anatomic reconstruction].

Introduction: The authors audited the outcomes of various surgical interventions employed to fix the dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint in their unit. This resulted in changing their method to treat this condition.

Objective: Finding a technique that results in the best functional stability of the injured joint while preserving its physiological function.

Presence of TRPA1 Modifies CD4+/CD8+ T Lymphocyte Ratio and Activation.

Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) has been reported to influence neuroinflammation and lymphocyte function. We analysed the immune phenotype and activation characteristics of TRPA1-deficient mice (knockout-KO) generated by targeted deletion of the pore-loop domain of the ion channel. We compared TRPA1 mRNA and protein expression in monocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations isolated from primary and secondary lymphatic organs of wild type (WT) and KO mice.

The Role of TRPA1 Channels in the Central Processing of Odours Contributing to the Behavioural Responses of Mice.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a nonselective cation channel, contributes to several (patho)physiological processes. Smell loss is an early sign in several neurodegenerative disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases; therefore, we focused on its role in olfaction and social behaviour with the aim to reveal its potential therapeutic use. The presence of mRNA was studied along the olfactory tract of mice by combined RNAscope in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry.

Human Somatostatin SST Receptor Transgenic Mice: Construction and Brain Expression Pattern Characterization.

Somatostatin receptor subtype 4 (SST) has been shown to mediate analgesic, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory functions without endocrine actions; therefore, it is proposed to be a novel target for drug development. To overcome the species differences of SST receptor expression and function between humans and mice, we generated an SST humanized mouse line to serve as a translational animal model for preclinical research. A transposon vector containing the and reporter gene construct driven by the regulatory elements were created.

[Relationship between the distribution of lumbar lordosis and the average degeneration of intervertebral discs].

Introduction: Low back pain is a major factor that influences both society and economy. In Hungary, 21% of the population suffers from low back pain or back pain, and six out of ten take medication for the disease. Therapy is complex and no single method has been proved effectively to treat this disease.

Small molecule somatostatin receptor subtype 4 (sst) agonists are novel anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug candidates.

We provided strong proof of concept evidence that somatostatin mediates potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions via its receptor subtype 4 (sst) located both at the periphery and the central nervous system. Therefore, sst agonists are promising novel drug candidates for neuropathic pain and neurogenic inflammation, but rational drug design was not possible due to the lack of knowledge about its 3-dimensional structure. We modeled the sst receptor structure, described its agonist binding properties, and characterized the binding of our novel small molecule sst agonists (4-phenetylamino-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives) using an in silico platform.

Assessment of Lumbar Lordosis Distribution with a Novel Mathematical Approach and Its Adaptation for Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Introduction: Low back pain and disc degeneration could be linked to global spinal geometry. Our study aimed to develop a reliable new mathematical method to assess the local distribution of total lumbar lordosis with a single numeric parameter and compare it with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration using routine MRI scans.

Methods: An online, open access, easy-to-use platform for measurements was developed based on a novel mathematical approach using MRIs of 60 patients.

Nitrosopersulfide (SSNO) Is a Unique Cysteine Polysulfidating Agent with Reduction-Resistant Bioactivity.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical properties of nitrosopersulfide (SSNO), a key intermediate of the nitric oxide (NO)/sulfide cross talk. We obtained corroborating evidence that SSNO is indeed a major product of the reaction of S-nitrosothiols with hydrogen sulfide (HS). It was found to be relatively stable (t ∼1 h at room temperature) in aqueous solution of physiological pH, stabilized by the presence of excess sulfide and resistant toward reduction by other thiols.

Investigation of Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination in mGFAP-Driven Conditional Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) Receptor Knockout Mice.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptors are non-selective cation channels responsive to a variety of exogenous irritants and endogenous stimuli including products of oxidative stress. It is mainly expressed by primary sensory neurons; however, expression of TRPA1 by astrocytes and oligodendrocytes has recently been detected in the mouse brain. Genetic deletion of TRPA1 was shown to attenuate cuprizone-induced oligodendrocyte apoptosis and myelin loss in mice.

TRPA1 Ion Channel Determines Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of GYY4137 in Murine Serum-Transfer Arthritis.

Modulation of nociception and inflammation by sulfide in rheumatoid arthritis and activation of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channels by sulfide compounds are well documented. The present study aims to investigate TRPA1-mediated effects of sulfide donor GYY4137 in K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis, a rodent model of rheumatoid arthritis. TRPA1 and somatostatin sst4 receptor wild-type (WT) and knockout mice underwent K/BxN serum transfer and were treated daily with GYY4137.

Analgesic effect of dimethyl trisulfide in mice is mediated by TRPA1 and sst receptors.

TRPA1 receptors are calcium-permeable ligand-gated channels expressed in primary sensory neurons and involved in inflammation and pain. Activation of these neurons might have analgesic effect. Suggested mechanism of analgesic effect mediated by TRPA1 activation is the release of somatostatin (SOM) and its action on sst receptors.

Retromer Ensures the Degradation of Autophagic Cargo by Maintaining Lysosome Function in Drosophila.

The retromer is an evolutionarily conserved coat complex that consists of Vps26, Vps29, Vps35 and a heterodimer of sorting nexin (Snx) proteins in yeast. Retromer mediates the recycling of transmembrane proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network, including receptors that are essential for the delivery of hydrolytic enzymes to lysosomes. Besides its function in lysosomal enzyme receptor recycling, involvement of retromer has also been proposed in a variety of vesicular trafficking events, including early steps of autophagy and endocytosis.

Hydrophobic cyanine dye-doped micelles for optical in vivo imaging of plasma leakage and vascular disruption.

Vascular leakage is an important feature of various disease conditions. In vivo optical imaging provides a great opportunity for the evaluation of this phenomenon. In the present study, we focus on the development and validation of a near-infrared (NIR) imaging formula to allow reliable, cost-efficient evaluation of vascular leakage in diverse species using the existing small-animal fluorescence imaging technology.

Multisteric TRPV1 nocisensor: a target for analgesics.

Cloning of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), the heat-gated cation channel/capsaicin receptor expressed by sensory neurons, has opened the door for development of new types of analgesics that selectively act on nociceptors. Here we summarize mutagenetic evidence for selective loss of responsiveness to vanilloids, protons, and heat stimuli to provide clues for avoiding on-target side effects of hyperthermia and burn risk. It is suggested that the complex chemoceptive thermosensor function of TRPV1 (which is modulated by depolarizing stimuli) can be attributed to multisteric gating functions.

Nociception, neurogenic inflammation and thermoregulation in TRPV1 knockdown transgenic mice.

Transgenic mice with a small hairpin RNA construct interfering with the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) were created by lentiviral transgenesis. TRPV1 expression level in transgenic mice was reduced to 8% while the expression of ankyrin repeat domain 1 (TRPA1) was unchanged. Ear oedema induced by topical application of TRPV1 agonist capsaicin was completely absent in TRPV1 knockdown mice.

Effect of lipid raft disruption on TRPV1 receptor activation of trigeminal sensory neurons and transfected cell line.

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a noxious heat-sensitive, chemonociceptive cation channel which is expressed in primary sensory neurons of polymodal nociceptors. The present study is devoted to analyse the role of lipid raft constituents in calcium influx evoked by various TRPV1 agonists on sensory neurons and on rTRPV1-transfected CHO cell line. Depletion of cholesterol by methyl beta-cyclodextrin (MCD, 1-10mM) diminished the percent of the calcium uptake response of cultured trigeminal neurons to capsaicin (100nM) or resiniferatoxin (RTX, 3nM).

Expression of the somatostatin receptor subtype 4 in intact and inflamed pulmonary tissues.

Somatostatin released from capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves of the lung during endotoxin-induced murine pneumonitis inhibits inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, presumably via somatostatin receptor subtype 4 (sst(4)). The goal of the present study was to identify sst(4) receptors in mouse and human lungs and to reveal its inflammation-induced alterations with real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. In non-inflamed mouse and human lungs, mRNA expression and immunolocalization of sst(4) are very similar.

Impaired defense mechanism against inflammation, hyperalgesia, and airway hyperreactivity in somatostatin 4 receptor gene-deleted mice.

We have shown that somatostatin released from activated capsaicin-sensitive nociceptive nerve endings during inflammatory processes elicits systemic anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. With the help of somatostatin receptor subtype 4 gene-deleted mice (sst(4)(-/-)), we provide here several lines of evidence that this receptor has a protective role in a variety of inflammatory disease models; several symptoms are more severe in the sst(4) knockout animals than in their wild-type counterparts. Acute carrageenan-induced paw edema and mechanical hyperalgesia, inflammatory pain in the early phase of adjuvant-evoked chronic arthritis, and oxazolone-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the skin are much greater in mice lacking the sst(4) receptor.

Actions of 3-methyl-N-oleoyldopamine, 4-methyl-N-oleoyldopamine and N-oleoylethanolamide on the rat TRPV1 receptor in vitro and in vivo.

N-oleoyldopamine (OLDA) has been identified as an agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor. A related fatty acid amide, N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA), was found to excite sensory neurons and produce visceral hyperalgesia via activation of the TRPV1 receptor, however, a recent study described this agent as an antinociceptive one. The aim of the present paper was to characterize two newly synthesized derivatives of N-oleoyldopamine, 3-methyl-N-oleoyldopamine (3-MOLDA) and 4-methyl-N-oleoyldopamine (4-MOLDA) as well as OEA with regard to their effects on the TRPV1 receptor.