The Effects of Two Kinds of Dietary Interventions on Serum Metabolic Profiles in Haemodialysis Patients.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of two kinds of 24-week dietary interventions in haemodialysis patients, a traditional nutritional intervention without a meal before dialysis (HG1) and implementation of a nutritional intervention with a meal served just before dialysis (HG2), in terms of analysing the differences in the serum metabolic profiles and finding biomarkers of dietary efficacy. These studies were performed in two homogenous groups of patients (n = 35 in both groups). Among the metabolites with the highest statistical significance between HG1 and HG2 after the end of the study, 21 substances were putatively annotated, which had potential significance in both of the most relevant metabolic pathways and those related to diet.

Effects of the Malnutrition-Eat Additional Meal (MEAM) Diet on the Serum Levels of Albumin and C-Reactive Protein in Hemodialysis Patients.

The main objective of this project was to evaluate the efficiency of two kinds of nutritional intervention implemented in hemodialysis patients for 24 weeks (traditional nutritional intervention without a meal served before dialysis for group HG1, and nutritional intervention involving a meal served before dialysis for group HG2), and their impact on nutritional status and serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP). Nutritional status and serum biochemical parameters were analyzed in the control group (CG, = 70) and in two homogeneous groups of patients, HG1 ( = 35) and HG2 ( = 35). There was an interesting trend in both groups of patients connected with increased intake, mainly of energy and protein.

Basic inflammatory indices and chosen neutrophil receptors expression in chronic haemodialysed patients.

Aim Of The Study: End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on chronic haemodialysis (HD) are immuno-compromised and prone to infection. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role as both primary sensors of pathogen invasion and activators of inflammatory reaction. To test if the immune impairment in HD patients is connected with the defective expression of the neutrophil TLRs, we aimed to examine their expression and chosen inflammatory indices.

Alterations in conformational state of albumin in plasma in chronic hemodialyzed patients.

Objective: In chronic hemodialyzed (CH) patients the balance between production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense system is disturbed and shifted towards oxidative conditions. The properties of albumin in CH patients were studied before hemodialysis (HD) and post-HD.

Methods: Two oxidants were applied, organic t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) and inorganic hydroperoxide (H2O2), for oxidation of albumin molecules.

Prevalence of arterial hypertension and the number and classes of antihypertensive drugs prescribed for patients late after kidney transplantation.

Background: There are limitations of the use of several classes of antihypertensive drugs in patients after kidney transplantation (KTx), as well as contradictory opinions on their effects on progression of graft dysfunction. In this study we assessed the prevalence of arterial hypertension (HA) and the antihypertensive agents used by the patients long after KTx.

Material/methods: This retrospective evaluation of the number and classes of antihypertensive drugs was based on medical records of 348 patients (140 F, 208 M; mean age 49 ± 13 years) late after KTx (mean time after KTx 78 ± 43 months).

Similar prevalence but different characteristics of pain in kidney transplant recipients and chronic hemodialysis patients.

Background: Chronic pain is frequent in both hemodialysis (HD) patients and kidney transplant (KTx) recipients but its detailed characteristics have never been thoroughly investigated.

Aim: To compare prevalence of pain, its locations and characteristics, and analgesics use in chronic HD and KTx patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study in 164 HD patients and 114 stable deceased donor KTx recipients.

The effect of selenium supplementation in the prevention of DNA damage in white blood cells of hemodialyzed patients: a pilot study.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased incidence of cancer. It is well known that long periods of hemodialysis (HD) treatment are linked to DNA damage due to oxidative stress. In this study, we examined the effect of selenium (Se) supplementation to CKD patients on HD on the prevention of oxidative DNA damage in white blood cells.

Antibodies against N-homocysteinylated proteins and their determinants in patients on long-term hemodialysis.

Introduction: The factors that determine the level of antibodies against N-homocysteinylated (N-Hcy) proteins have not been established so far. The clinical significance of these antibodies and their effect on cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are still unknown.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the factors that determine the level of antibodies against N-Hcyalbumin and N-Hcy hemoglobin in patients on long-term hemodialysis (HD).

Selenium supplementation to chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis does not induce the synthesis of plasma glutathione peroxidase.

Background: Numerous authors have shown that selenium (Se) concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in plasma of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are lower than in healthy subjects, but there are only few publications on the level of GSH-Px protein in those patients and no reports on the effect of Se supplementation to HD patients on the level of this enzyme.

Subjects And Methods: Se concentration and GSH-Px protein level in plasma were measured in a group of 30 CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD) supplemented with 200 microg Se/day for 3 months, and 28 patients on HD administered with placebo. Se concentration was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and plasma GSH-Px protein level by the sandwich ELISA method using polyclonal antibody specific for human plasma GSH-Px.

[Blood serum osteocalcin and beta-crosslaps concentrations in patients after renal transplantation].

In 16 patients (7 males, 9 females), aged 47.2 +/- 15.9 years, blood serum concentrations of osteocalcin, beta-crosslaps, parathormone, calcium, phosphate, creatinine and urea were determined before renal transplantation and 3 and 6 months following the procedure.

The blood platelet proteome is changed in UREMIC patients.

Comparative analysis of the protein profile of blood platelets isolated from nondialyzed and hemodialyzed uremic patients and healthy controls has been performed. These preliminary results indicate markedly changed expression of several proteins in blood platelets from both groups of patients compared with controls, with dramatic changes in hemodialyzed patients in the over-expression of low molecular peptides with a very wide range of pI values.

NT-proBNP plasma levels and echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in patients after renal transplantation.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important causes of death in patients with chronic renal disease (CRD). Successful renal transplantation (RTx) corrects water and electrolyte disturbances and decreases or eliminates anaemia. It favourably influences cardiac haemodynamics and reduces risk of cardiovascular events.

Red blood cell and plasma glutathione peroxidase activities and selenium concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease: a review.

The metabolism of oxygen in aerobic organisms leads to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These entities are able to oxidize almost all classes of macromolecules, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. The physiological level of ROS is usually regulated by antioxidant defense mechanisms.

[Severe exacerbation of chronic renal failure in the course of asymptomatic cystolithiasis].

There has been reported a case of severe exacerbation of chronic renal failure with bilateral hydronephrosis and urosepsis, which was caused by asymptomatic large urinary bladder stone. Life-threatening symptoms of uraemic syndrome were found, which required temporary hemodialysis treatment. Following removal of the calculus and controlling of severe urinary tract infection the patient was discharged with stable blood serum creatinine concentration 3.