Influenza-induced thrombotic microangiopathy in a patient with cancer on proteasome inhibitor: a diagnostic dilemma.

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in a cancer patient is a common complication of either cancer itself or anticancer therapy. Incidence of TMA from anticancer therapy was found to be > 15%, since the introduction of anti-angiogenic drugs like anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents. It is, however, important to not ignore other causes of TMA such as bacteria, viruses, antiplatelet drugs, hereditary complement mutations, and autoimmune disorders.