Geranyl diphosphate synthase small subunit I (GPPS.SSU I) expression strongly correlates with the presence or absence of monoterpene emission from lily (Lilium spp.) flowers.

We reported the functional characterization of cDNAs encoding geranyl diphosphate synthase small subunit I (GPPS.SUU I) that determine the presence or absence of monoterpene emission from lily flowers. While monoterpene compounds are among the most important scent substances in lily flowers, their emission levels vary among lily cultivars.

Magnesium chloride and polyamine can differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells into trophectoderm or endoderm.

Magnesium chloride and polyamines stabilize DNA and chromatin. Furthermore, they can induce nucleosome aggregation and chromatin condensation in vitro. To determine the effects of elevating the cation concentrations in the nucleus of a living cell, we microinjected various concentrations of mono-, di- and polyvalent cation solutions into the nuclei of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and traced their fates.