Publications by authors named "Yusuf Akhtar"
Background: There is a concern in pediatric spine surgical practice that rib-based fixation may limit chest wall motion in early onset scoliosis (EOS). The purpose of this study is to assess the contribution of chest wall excursion to respiration before and after growth-friendly surgery.
Methods: Quantitative dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (QdMRI) is performed on 49 EOS patients (before and after surgery) and 191 normal children in this retrospective study.
Rationale And Objectives: Thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS) affects ventilatory function due to spinal and thoracic deformities limiting lung space and diaphragm motion. Corrective surgery helps normalize skeletal anatomy, restoring diaphragm motion. This study employs free-breathing dynamic MRI (dMRI) and quantifies the 3D motion of each hemi-diaphragm surface in normal and TIS patients, and evaluates the effects of surgical intervention.
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- The study focuses on using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) to analyze diaphragm motion in patients with thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS), providing insights into the severity of respiratory disorders without exposing patients to radiation.
- The paper outlines a three-step approach to segment the left and right hemi-diaphragm from dMRI images, overcoming challenges like low resolution and motion blur by employing advanced deep learning techniques for accurate recognition and delineation.
- Results showed a mean-Hausdorff distance of approximately 3 mm for diaphragm delineation and a positional error of about 3 mm in identifying the mid-sagittal plane, validated using 100 test images of TIS patients.
Purpose: Analysis of the abnormal motion of thoraco-abdominal organs in respiratory disorders such as the Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome (TIS) and scoliosis such as adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) or early onset scoliosis (EOS) can lead to better surgical plans. We can use healthy subjects to find out the normal architecture and motion of a rib cage and associated organs and attempt to modify the patient's deformed anatomy to match to it. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is a practical and preferred imaging modality for capturing dynamic images of healthy pediatric subjects.
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- Thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS) restricts respiratory function due to spinal and thoracic deformities, making corrective orthopedic surgery a potential solution to improve lung space and diaphragm movement.
- A study involving 149 TIS pediatric patients and 190 healthy controls used free-breathing dynamic MRI to analyze diaphragm motion and changes before and after surgery.
- Results showed significant increases in diaphragm mobility, particularly in the posterior regions, with the surgery having a more pronounced effect on diaphragm function than spinal curve reductions.
Article Synopsis
- A new database called VGC has been created to measure respiratory parameters in healthy children, aimed at filling the gap in existing normative data.
- The study analyzed 3D respiratory measurements across different age and gender groups, finding significant differences in lung function, particularly among adolescents.
- Results suggest that the VGC database can help assess respiratory abnormalities in patients with conditions like TIS, aiding in treatment planning and evaluation of surgical outcomes.
Purpose: There is a concern in pediatric surgery practice that rib-based fixation may limit chest wall motion in early onset scoliosis (EOS). The purpose of this study is to address the above concern by assessing the contribution of chest wall excursion to respiration before and after surgery.
Methods: Quantitative dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (QdMRI) is performed on EOS patients (before and after surgery) and normal children in this retrospective study.
Auto-segmentation of thoraco-abdominal organs in free breathing pediatric dynamic MRI.
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng
February 2023
Quantitative analysis of the dynamic properties of thoraco-abdominal organs such as lungs during respiration could lead to more accurate surgical planning for disorders such as Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome (TIS). This analysis can be done from semi-automatic delineations of the aforesaid organs in scans of the thoraco-abdominal body region. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is a practical and preferred imaging modality for this application, although automatic segmentation of the organs in these images is very challenging.
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