Continuous-wave and Q-switched Nd:BGSO lasers based on bismuth nanosheets absorber.

This Nd:BGSO (Nd:BGSO) crystal was grown using the micro-pulling-down method, and the continuous-wave laser operation of this crystal was demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The maximum output power of 1.038 W was obtained under the absorbed pump power of 3.