Diagnostic dilemma of lobular carcinoma: a mini-review of imaging modalities and the role of artificial intelligence and radiomics.

Lobular carcinoma (LC) presents unique diagnostic challenges due to its subtle imaging characteristics and asymptomatic presentation, often leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. This mini-review critically examines both traditional and advanced imaging modalities used to detect and manage LC, including mammography, ultrasound, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI). Traditional modalities like mammography and ultrasound, while widely used, have limitations, particularly in detecting LC in patients with dense breast tissue.