The impact of video-based training on football referees' decision-making skills: a systematic review and meta analysis.

Objectives: Video-based decision-making training is considered a promising intervention to enhance the decision-making skills of football referees. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to validate the effectiveness of video-based training and evaluate its overall impact on improving referees' decision-making skills, providing a scientific basis for the optimization and innovation of referee training methods.

Method: A systematic search was performed across four electronic databases (EBSCO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science).

The attitude of online fans: perceived value, expectation, and identification on VAR satisfaction.

This study explores online fan satisfaction with the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) during the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022. A structural equation model comprising perceived value, fan expectation, fan identification, and fan satisfaction was run. The online questionnaires were distributed among Chinese football fans.

Protein digestibility of textured wheat protein (TWP)-based meat analogs: (II) Effects of sodium tripolyphosphate.

In this study, the effects of adding sodium tripolyphosphate during the extrusion of textured wheat protein (TWP)-based meat analogs were investigated. Five TWPs (TWP-C0, TWP-C0.10, TWP-C0.

Effects of plyometric training on kicking performance in soccer players: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled effect size (ES) of plyometric training (PT) on kicking performance (kicking speed and distance) in soccer players depending upon some related factors (i.e., age, gender, skill level, and intervention duration).

The effect of the video assistant referee (VAR) on referees' decisions at FIFA Women's World Cups.

Video assistant referee (VAR) has been implemented in women's football, aiming to improve referees' decision-making, but its impact has not yet been analyzed. This study intended to explore how the VAR affects refereeing decisions at Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Women's World Cup competitions. The sample includes all 52 matches played in the 2015 tournament before VAR was introduced and all 52 matches played in the 2019 competition where VAR was deployed.

Effect of Attentional Focus on Sprint Performance: A Meta-Analysis.

Sprinting is often seen in a variety of sports. Focusing one's attention externally before sprinting has been demonstrated to boost sprint performance. The present study aimed to systematically review previous findings on the impact of external focus (EF), in comparison to internal focus (IF), on sprint performance.

The application of nanoparticles in biochips.

A nanoparticle is a microscopic particle with at least one dimension less than 100 nm, which plays an important role in the area of intense scientific research. In recent years, the application of gold nanoparticles instead of fluorescence dyes and enzyme-conjugation in biochips is very common. For example, Au nanoparticles labeling method was applied in many DNA-detection methods, and a novel readout scheme for gold nanoparticle-based DNA microarrays was studied relying on "Laser-Induced Scattering around a nanoAbsorber" and nanogold electrode, and the colorimetric detection using gold label plus silver stain was also developed.

2,6,7-Trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo-[2.2.2]octan-4-ylmethanol 1-sulfide.

The title compound, C(5)H(9)O(4)PS, was synthesized by the reaction of penta-erythritol with thio-phosphoryl chloride. In the crystal structure, the three six-membered rings all adopt boat conformations. Mol-ecules form chains along the c axis via inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.