Polydoctoring and health outcomes among the very old population with multimorbidity: a retrospective cohort study in Japan.

To assess the relationship between polydoctoring and patient outcomes, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using a Japanese population-based dataset from April 2014 to December 2022. Overall, 2,338,965 patients aged 75-89 years with at least two chronic conditions were included. Polydoctoring was assessed by the number of regularly visited facilities (RVFs).

Six-year transition patterns of activities of daily living in octogenarians: Tokyo oldest old in total health study.

Background: With global super-aging, understanding the longitudinal changes in activities of daily living (ADLs) among older adults is critical for maintaining their functional independence, particularly in later life. However, evidence of longitudinal ADL patterns in Asian octogenarians remains limited. This study examined 6-year ADL transition patterns among community-dwelling older adults in Japan aged 85 years or above using latent transition analysis (LTA) to identify dynamic changes and associated factors.

Well-being of cancer survivors with exceptional longevity: A cross-sectional and prospective cohort study of centenarians and very old adults.

Introduction: Studies on well-being and life expectancy of cancer survivors with exceptional longevity are scarce. We explored the relationship between cancer history and well-being and blood biomarkers in centenarians and very old adults. We also aimed to examine the life expectancy of cancer survivors.

Increased genetic protection against Alzheimer's disease in centenarians.

We constructed a polygenic protective score specific to Alzheimer's disease (AD PPS) based on the current literature among the participants enrolled in five studies of healthy aging and extreme longevity in the USA, Europe, and Asia. This AD PPS did not include variants on apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene. Comparisons of AD PPS in different data sets of healthy agers and centenarians showed that centenarians have stronger genetic protection against AD compared to individuals without familial longevity.

Increased Genetic Protection Against Alzheimer's Disease in Centenarians.

We constructed a polygenic protective score specific to Alzheimer's disease (AD PPS) based on the current literature among the participants enrolled in five studies of healthy aging and extreme longevity in the US, Europe, and Asia. This AD PPS did not include variants on Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene. Comparisons of AD PPS in different data sets of healthy agers and centenarians showed that centenarians have stronger genetic protection against AD compared to individuals without familial longevity.

Compared with people of the same age in the past, older people in Japan today are more functional and socially superior; however, their psychological well-being is declining.

A study compared the education, physical, cognitive, social, and psychological well-being of individuals born in 1940 and 1953 at age 70. It found that the 1953 group had better functions overall, but the 1940 group had better psychological well-being.

Prevalence of high N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels and associated factors among community-dwelling older adults aged over 75 years (The SONIC study): a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Considering the heart failure (HF) pandemic, numerous older adults in the community may exhibit potential cardiac overload or asymptomatic HF without apparent HF diagnosis. This study aimed to examine the distribution of serum N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in community-dwelling old age adults aged ≥ 75 years, and to investigate the associated factors for each NT-proBNP classification.

Results: A cross-sectional analysis revealed that 52.

Impact of Polypharmacy on Self-Rated Health in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A 3-Year SONIC Study.

Objectives: Previous studies have reported that polypharmacy (PP) is associated with objective health indicators, such as falls or a decline in physical function. However, few studies have examined the relationship between PP and subjective health indicators, such as self-rated health (SRH). Therefore, this study examined the association between PP and SRH in older adults.

Distinct patterns of cognitive traits in extreme old age and Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Clinical features of cognitive performance in extreme old age differ from those of pathological cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: We compared cognitive traits between 638 centenarians aged 100-115 years and 208 and 221 patients with AD from independent facilities.

Results: The presence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele did not affect Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in centenarians.

Association between physical activity and quality of life in Japanese adults aged 85 to 89 years: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Associations between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QOL) have usually been studied in people in their 60s and 70s, however little is known about these associations in older age groups. We aimed to examine the association between PA and QOL in Japanese adults aged 85-89 years and investigate the types of exercises/sports in this population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study (n = 914) used baseline data from the Kawasaki Aging and Well-being Project (KAWP), a longitudinal cohort study of older adults aged 85-89 years.

Multidimensional insights about healthy aging from the cohort study for community-dwelling older adults: The SONIC study.

The Septuagenarian, Octogenarian, Nonagenarian Investigation with Centenarian (SONIC) study was established considering population trends and targeting the oldest-old population. This study is unique in its narrow age range, consisting of individuals aged in their 70s, 80s and 90s, and is carried out as a longitudinal cohort study with follow ups every 3 years in urban and rural areas of eastern and western Japan. The aims of the SONIC study are primarily to clarify aging-related changes in multiple domains of human functioning, explore the dynamics of interactions among these domains and identify factors influencing healthy longevity, including psychological well-being.

Association between salt intake and blood pressure among community-dwelling older adults based on their physical frailty status.

The effects of salt reduction and adequate nutrition intake among older adults with physical frailty remain controversial. Therefore, the present study investigated whether the association between daily salt intake and blood pressure among community-dwelling older adults, including the very old people, based on their physical frailty status. This cross-sectional study used data from the SONIC study, a cohort study on older adults, collected between 2010 and 2012.

An Expert Consensus Statement on Biomarkers of Aging for Use in Intervention Studies.

Biomarkers of aging serve as important outcome measures in longevity-promoting interventions. However, there is limited consensus on which specific biomarkers are most appropriate for human intervention studies. This work aimed to address this need by establishing an expert consensus on biomarkers of aging for use in intervention studies via the Delphi method.

Determinants of polydoctoring among multimorbid older adults; a cross-sectional study in an urban area of Japan.

Background: Multimorbidity increases with age, leading to various adverse outcomes, including higher mortality, care dependency, hospitalizations, and healthcare costs. Polydoctoring, managing a patient with multimorbidity by multiple healthcare providers, can be a risk of fragmented care and increased healthcare expenditures. This study aims to identify patient-related factors contributing to polydoctoring in older adults with multimorbidity.

Preventive Effects of Physical Activity on the Development of Atherosclerosis: A Narrative Review.

Atherosclerosis, a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), remains a leading cause of global mortality and morbidity. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves a complex interplay of endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, lipid accumulation, and arterial stiffness. Among the various preventive strategies, physical activity has emerged as a highly effective, non-pharmacological intervention.

Association of fish intake with all-cause mortality according to CRP levels or inflammation in older adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The relationship between inflammatory response, fish consumption, and mortality risk in older individuals is unclear. We investigated whether C-reactive protein (CRP) levels ≥ 0.1 mg/dL, fish intake, and inflammatory responses are associated with all-cause mortality risk in older adults.

Association between serum vitamin D levels and skeletal muscle indices in an older Japanese population: The SONIC study.

Aim: Vitamin D (VD) affects skeletal muscles. The high prevalence of VD deficiency in Japan may lead to decreased skeletal muscle mass and strength, increasing the prevalence of sarcopenia. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between serum VD levels and skeletal muscle indices in a Japanese community-dwelling older population.

Risk factors predicting subtypes of physical frailty incidence stratified by musculoskeletal diseases in community-dwelling older adults: The SONIC study.

Aim: This study aims to identify the key risk factors that lead to subtypes of physical frailty assessed by walking speed and grip strength among community-dwelling Japanese individuals, stratified by the presence of musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) and age group.

Methods: We included 302 participants aged 70 or 80 years who did not exhibit subtypes of physical frailty at baseline through the Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians, Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC) study. Our study was a longitudinal study.

Effects of multimorbidity and polypharmacy on physical function in community-dwelling older adults: A 3-year prospective cohort study from the SONIC.

Background: We prospectively examined the effect of baseline multimorbidity and polypharmacy on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults over a three-year period.

Methods: The analysis included 1,401 older adults (51.5 % women) who participated in both wave 1 and wave 2 (3-year follow-up) of the Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, and Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC) study.

Usefulness of the serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio as a blood biomarker for sarcopenia components among age groups in community-dwelling older people: The SONIC study.

Aim: The serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (CCR) or sarcopenia index is considered a useful marker of muscle mass. However, its usefulness in late-stage older adults remains unclear. We aimed to determine the usefulness of CCR as an indicator of sarcopenia in community-dwelling Japanese adults aged >75 years.