Identifying the patterns of ultra-processed food consumption and their characteristics in the UK adults using the UK National Diet and Nutritional Surveys 2008/09 to 2018/19.

Objective: To identify the dietary patterns of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption in the UK adults, and to explore their nutritional characteristics and associated demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Design: UPF-based dietary patterns were identified using weighted principal component analysis and k-means cluster analysis on UPFs intakes (identified using Nova classification) from the cross-sectional NDNS data (2008-2019). Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were employed to identify the demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with the patterns.

Overlap between ultra-processed food and food that is high in fat, salt or sugar: analysis of 11 annual waves of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008/2009-2018/2019.

While many countries use guidance and policies based on nutrients and food groups to support citizens to consume healthy diets, fewer have explicitly adopted the concept of ultra-processed foods (UPF). UPF consumption is associated with many adverse health outcomes in cohort studies. In the UK, a nutrient profiling model (NPM) is used to identify foods high in fat, salt or sugar (HFSS) and several policies target these.

Examining the influence of socio-economic factors on ultra-processed food consumption patterns of UK adolescents.

Objective: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption varies with socio-economic status (SES) in adults, and evidence suggests that similar patterns exist in adolescents. However, the relationship remains understudied in this critical developmental group. This study aimed to further characterise adolescent UPF consumption and its relationship with SES by exploring dietary patterns within UPF consumption.

Using group model building to frame the commercial determinants of dietary behaviour in adolescence - findings from online system mapping workshops with adolescents, policymakers and public health practitioners in the Southwest of England.

Background: In England, 23% of children aged 11 start their teenage years living with obesity. An adolescent living with obesity is five times more likely to live with obesity in adult life. There is limited research and policy incorporating adolescents' views on how they experience the commercial determinants of dietary behaviour and obesity, which misses an opportunity to improve services and policies that aim to influence the prevalence of childhood obesity.

Cross-sectional associations of gender identity and sexual orientation, with co-occurrence and clustering of health-related behaviours among British adolescents: Millennium cohort study.

Purpose: We examined whether gender identity and sexual orientation were associated with seven health-related behaviours, and with co-occurrence and clustering of these behaviours among British adolescents.

Methods: Millennium Cohort Study (age 17 wave) provided data on the exposures, gender identity (male, female, genderqueer) and sexual orientation (heterosexual, bisexual, gay or lesbian, or other), and seven self-reported health-related behaviours (binge drinking, drug use, no consumption of breakfast, no consumption of fruits or vegetables, physical inactivity, poor sleep, and smoking or vaping). Poisson regressions examined associations between the exposures and single behaviours (reporting prevalence ratios (PRs)); and multinomial logistic regressions were used for behavioural cumulative co-occurrence score (reporting PRs).

Prevalence of loneliness and associations with health behaviours and body mass index in 5835 people living with and beyond cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A cancer diagnosis and its treatment may be an especially isolating experience. Despite evidence that positive health behaviours can improve outcomes for people living with and beyond cancer (LWBC), no studies have examined associations between loneliness and different health behaviours in this population. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of loneliness in a large sample of UK adults LWBC and to explore whether loneliness was associated with multiple health behaviours.

The conceptualisation and operationalisation of 'marketing' in public health research: a review of reviews focused on food marketing using principles from critical interpretive synthesis.

Background: Extensive public health research reports the nature, scope and effects of various marketing activities used by food and drinks companies to support the sale of their products. Such literature informs the regulation of food marketing that encourages unhealthy eating behaviours and poor diet-related health outcomes. However, it is not clear whether this literature consistently conceptualises and applies marketing, which could in turn influence the approach and efficacy of policies to regulate food marketing.

Using group model building to frame the commercial determinants of dietary behaviour in adolescence - proposed methods for online system mapping workshops.

Background: Group model building (GMB) is a participatory approach whereby diverse stakeholders can share their views about a problem to create a collective understanding of a complex system. In this article we report our methodological approach to adapt face-to-face GMB processes to an online format to explore the mechanisms by which commercial drivers influence adolescents' dietary behaviour. We use our experiences to make recommendations on how online GMB could be delivered.

Conceptualizing the commercial determinants of dietary behaviors associated with obesity: A systematic review using principles from critical interpretative synthesis.

Introduction: Unhealthy diet is an important preventable risk factor for overweight and obesity. Identifying the key drivers of an unhealthy diet is an important public health aim. "Big Food" has been identified as an influential factor shaping dietary behavior and obesity, and their practices have broadly been labeled as the "commercial determinants of obesity," but there is a lack of definitions and conceptualizations for these terms.

Workplace interventions that aim to improve employee health and well-being in male-dominated industries: a systematic review.

The published evidence on whether workplace health and well-being interventions are as effective in male-dominated industries compared with mixed-gender environments has not been synthesised. We performed a systematic review of workplace interventions aimed at improving employee health and well-being in male-dominated industries. We searched Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Database and Web of Science for articles describing workplace interventions in male-dominated industries that address employee health and well-being.