[Altered dopamine metabolism and its role in pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease].

Parkinson's disease (PD), one of the most frequent neurodegenerative disorders, is characterized by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Genetic vulnerability, aging, environmental insults are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. However, the cellular and molecular mechanism of dopaminergic neurons degeneration remains incompletely understood.

Association of PD-L1 expression status with the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and overall survival in solid tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Whether PD-L1-positive patients derive more overall survival benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of advanced solid tumours is unclear. We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane library and EMBASE databases from January 1, 1966 to March 1, 2019, to identify randomised controlled trials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab) that had available hazard ratios (HRs) for death according to PD-L1 status. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled overall survival (OS) HR and 95% CI among PD-L1-positive and PD-L1-negative patients.

The prognostic value of PKM2 and its correlation with tumour cell PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The prognostic value of PKM2 and its correlation with tumour cell PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unclear.

Methods: A total of 506 lung adenocarcinoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and 173 LUAD tumour tissues from Jiangxi Cancer Hospital were used to analyse the correlation between PKM2 and PD-L1 expression. We further established a stable LUAD cell line with PKM2 knockdown and confirmed the association via Western blotting and flow cytometry analysis.

[Clinical observation of closed reduction and compression cannulated screw fixation for the treatment of femoral neck fracture in young and middle-aged patients].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of internal fixation with closed reduction and hollow compression screws for the treatment of femoral neck fracture in young and middle-aged patients.

Methods: From June 2013 to December 2016, 33 young and middle-aged patients with femoral neck fractures were treated with hollow compression screws fixation including 17 males and 16 females with an average age of 38.5 years old ranged from 19 to 59 years old; 20 cases were on the left side and 13 cases on the right side;the time from injury to operation ranged from 2 to 5 days with an average of 3 days.

Enhanced expression of PKM2 associates with the biological properties of cancer stem cells from A549 human lung cancer cells.

Cancer cells express the M2 isoform of glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase (PKM2) for favoring the survival under a hypoxic condition. Considering the relative low oxygen microenvironment in stem cell niche, we hypothesized that an enhanced PKM2 expression associates with the biological properties of cancer stem cells. We used A549 human lung cancer cell line and surgical resected lung cancer tissue samples from patients for experiments.

A highly efficient graphene oxide absorber for Q-switched Nd:GdVO4 lasers.

We demonstrated that graphene oxide material could be used as a highly efficient saturable absorber for the Q-switched Nd:GdVO4 laser. A novel and low-cost graphene oxide (GO) absorber was fabricated by a vertical evaporation technique and high viscosity of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution. A piece of GO/PVA absorber, a piece of round quartz, and an output coupler mirror were combined to be a sandwich structure passive component.

[Role of MAPK and PKC signaling pathways in the regulation of c-erbB₂ in the primordial follicles onset].

Our previous studies showed that the proto-oncogene c-erbB₂ played an important role in primordial follicles growth. The present study was conducted to investigate the role of MAPK and PKC signaling pathways in the primordial follicle onset in neonatal rats, and the relationship between c-erbB₂ and MAPK/PKC signaling pathways. Ovaries collected from 2-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured in the Waymouth culture system in vitro.

Therapeutic targeting of the PDGF and TGF-beta-signaling pathways in hepatic stellate cells by PTK787/ZK22258.

Stimulation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is an essential pathway of proliferation and fibrogenesis, respectively, in liver fibrosis. We provide evidence that PTK787/ZK222584 (PTK/ZK), a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), significantly inhibits PDGF receptor expression, as well as PDGF-simulated HSC proliferation, migration and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, Akt and p70S6 kinase. Interestingly, PTK/ZK also antagonizes the TGF-beta1-induced expression of VEGF and VEGFR1.

[Trend of bone development of adolescent at 14 years old].

Objective: To describe characteristic of hand-wrist bone development in adolescents of 14 years old in China, and to estimate trend of bone development of them.

Methods: A total of 109 adolescents of 14 years was selected as subjects (males: 53, females: 56). X-rays examination of their left hand-wrist bone were performed and analyzed.

Immune responses in mice to arecoline mediated by lymphocyte muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

There is evidence that lymphocytes possess all the components of the cholinergic system independent of neuronal innervations. Thus, potential therapeutic applications of drugs targeting the neuronal cholinergic system might have side effects on the immune system. This study investigated whether arecoline could affect immunological functions in mice and explored the mechanism of the effect of arecoline on the immune system.