The Contractile Function of Ventricular Cardiomyocytes Is More Sensitive to Acute 17β-Estradiol Treatment Compared to Atrial Cardiomyocytes.

17β-estradiol (E2) is the most active metabolite of estrogen with a wide range of physiological action on cardiac muscle. Previous studies have reported E2 effects predominantly for the ventricles, while the E2 impact on the atria has been less examined. In this study, we focused on the direct E2 effects on atrial and ventricular contractility at the cellular and molecular levels.