Induces the Transcription Factor FOXP3 to Downregulate Human Chemokine CCR5 Expression and Inhibit HIV-1 Infection.

HIV mutations occur frequently despite the substantial success of combination antiretroviral therapy, which significantly impairs HIV progression. Failure to develop specific vaccines, the occurrence of drug-resistant strains, and the high incidence of adverse effects due to combination antiviral therapy regimens call for novel and safer antivirals. Natural products are an important source of new anti-infective agents.

Various presentations of fourth branchial pouch sinus tract during surgery.

Conclusion: A recurrent neck abscess or acute suppurative thyroiditis should arouse suspicion of fourth branchial pouch sinus. Complete surgical excision is usually curative. The classification of sinus tract according to the area where it is emerging from the larynx may be helpful in identifying the tract during surgery.

[Diagnosis and management of congenital pyriform sinus fistula].

Objective: To explore the clinical presentation and management principles of congenital pyriform sinus fistula.

Methods: Seven sequential cases of congenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF) treated between January 2007 and January 2011 were reported. The clinical presentation were recurrent left lower neck abscess or acute suppurative thyroiditis.

[Glossopharyngeal neurotomy through laterocervical approach to treat idiopathic glossopharyngeal neuralgia].

Objective: To introduce a modified laterocervical approach for glossopharyngeal neurotomy to treat idiopathic glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

Methods: The clinical data, the operative technique, the operative effects and (the results of) follow-up of 12 patients were presented. Through reviewing pertinent literatures, the therapeutic advancement of glossopharyngeal neuralgia and the modified technique of laterocervical approach for glossopharyngeal neurotomy were discussed.