Brain structure in triple X syndrome: regional gray matter volume and cortical thickness in adult women with 47,XXX karyotype.

Background: Changes in the brain structure of women with Triple X syndrome (karyotype 47,XXX) have been described in a few studies to date, including reduced total brain volume and regional reductions in gray substance in cortical and subcortical areas. However, the empirical evidence from adults is very limited and group comparison on a voxel-wise basis for gray matter volume and cortical thickness is still missing.

Methods: Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM), we investigated regional gray matter changes in a sample of n = 20 adult women (aged 18-49 years) with 47,XXX karyotype using T1-weighted 3T MRI scans.

MR-Guided Transurethral Ultrasound Ablation of Prostate Cancer: Initial Experience of Monitoring Tumor Response by Dynamic Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurements at 3.0 T.

Introduction: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as part of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is an important sequence for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa). The objective of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate changes in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements in biopsy-proven PCa undergoing TULSA-PRO (MR-guided transurethral ultrasound ablation of the prostate) at 3.0 T after 1, 3, and 6-12 months posttreatment.

Concepts in the Establishment of Interdisciplinary Ultrasound Centers: The Role of Radiology.

Background: Ultrasound (US) is widely used as a fast and cost-efficient first-choice imaging technique without relevant side effects for a variety of diagnostic tasks. Due to technical advances, more complex and sophisticated methods such as color-coded duplex ultrasound, image fusion, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and ultrasound-guided interventions have become increasingly important in diagnostic algorithms.

Method: This study presents an overview of all aspects regarding the establishing of an interdisciplinary US center based on five representative examples in Germany.

Effect of Contrast Agent Dose Reduction on Vascular Enhancement and Image Quality in Thoracoabdominal Dynamic 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Angiography: A Systematic Intraindividual Analysis in Pigs.

Objective: High spatial and temporal resolution contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) at standard dose offers both detailed anatomic information on both arterial and venous vessels and hemodynamic characteristics. Several preclinical and clinical dynamic 3-dimensional (3D) MRA studies that focused on arterial vessels only proposed that high image quality may also be achieved with significantly reduced GBCA doses, calling into question the need to use standard doses. A systematic analysis of GBCA doses and resulting image quality for both arteries and veins has not yet been performed.

Antibody-mediated procoagulant platelets in SARS-CoV-2-vaccination associated immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. To prevent severe infection, mass COVID-19 vaccination campaigns with several vaccine types are currently underway. We report pathological and immunological findings in 8 patients who developed vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) after administration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19.

Contrast Media in Time-Resolved MRA at 3T: A Systematic Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Concentration and Dose Effects on Image Parameters in Minipigs.

Purpose: Quantitative and qualitative analysis of gadopentetate dimeglumine (GD) versus standard-dose (sGb) and half-dose (hGb) gadobutrol in thoracoabdominal time-resolved contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (4D-MRA) with dynamic computed tomography (dCT) as the quantitative reference in minipigs.

Materials And Methods: 7 anesthetized Goettingen minipigs received thoracoabdominal dCT (0.37 s rotation time) and transverse 4D-MRA (0.

Synovial inflammation analyzed by 3-T magnetic resonance imaging in etanercept-treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis indicates persistent disease activity despite of clinical remission: A pilot study.

Objectives: To evaluate joint inflammation using 3-T MRI in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) as compared to inhibitors for tumor necrosis factor α (TNFi) over 12 months.

Methods: Prospective epidemiologic clinical pilot study using the RA MRI system (RAMRIS), the visual analog scale (VAS, 0-100) and the Disease Activity Score 28-joint count (DAS28) at baseline, 4, and 12 months after initiation of etanercept (ETA). Ten patients with inadequate response to two cDMARDs were treated with ETA and compared to 10 patients responding to cDMARDs.

Characterization of Severe Arterial Phase Respiratory Motion Artifact on Gadoxetate Disodium-Enhanced MRI - Assessment of Interrater Agreement and Reliability.

Purpose:  To assess the interrater agreement and reliability of experienced abdominal radiologists in the characterization and grading of arterial phase gadoxetate disodium-related respiratory motion artifact on liver MRI.

Materials And Methods:  This prospective multicenter study was initiated by the working group for abdominal imaging within the German Roentgen Society (DRG), and approved by the local IRB of each participating center. 11 board-certified radiologists independently reviewed 40 gadoxetate disodium-enhanced liver MRI datasets.

Influence of Chitosan Treatment on Surrogate Serum Markers of Cholesterol Metabolism in Obese Subjects.

Chitosan treatment results in significantly lower serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations. To assess the working mechanisms of chitosan, we measured serum surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption (campesterol, sitosterol, cholestanol), synthesis (lathosterol, lanosterol, desmosterol), and degradation to bile acids (7α-hydroxy-cholesterol, 27-hydroxy-cholesterol), corrected for cholesterol concentration (R_sterols). Over 12 weeks, 116 obese subjects (Body Mass Index, BMI 31.

Revised PROPELLER for T2-weighted imaging of the prostate at 3 Tesla: impact on lesion detection and PI-RADS classification.

Purpose: To evaluate revised PROPELLER (RevPROP) for T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) of the prostate as a substitute for turbo spin echo (TSE).

Materials And Methods: Three-Tesla MR images of 50 patients with 55 cancer-suspicious lesions were prospectively evaluated. Findings were correlated with histopathology after MRI-guided biopsy.

Percutaneous Isolated Hepatic Perfusion as a Treatment for Isolated Hepatic Metastases of Uveal Melanoma: Patient Outcome and Safety in a Multi-centre Study.

Purpose: Percutaneous isolated hepatic perfusion (PIHP) with Melphalan has been developed as a treatment for patients with isolated hepatic metastases of uveal melanoma. We discuss patient outcome and safety in a retrospective multi-centre study.

Materials And Methods: Between 2012 and 2016 18 patients with un-resectable isolated hepatic metastases of uveal melanoma received single or repeated PIHP with Melphalan (n = 35) at seven sites.

MRI of the Prostate: Recommendations on Patient Preparation and Scanning Protocol.

The Working Group Uroradiology and Urogenital Diagnosis of the German Roentgen Society has developed uniform recommendations for the preparation and implementation of prostate MRI. In the first part detailed recommendations are given in tabular form regarding 1. anamnestic data before prostate MRI, 2.

In-bore transrectal MRI-guided prostate biopsies: Are there risk factors for complications?

Purpose: To systematically analyze risk factors for complications of in-bore transrectal MRI-guided prostate biopsies (MRGB).

Materials And Methods: 90 patients, who were scheduled for MRGB were included for this study. Exclusion criteria were coagulation disorders, therapy with anticoagulant drugs, and acute infections of the urinary and the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Intravoxel incoherent motion model-based analysis of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with 3 -values for response assessment in locoregional therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate an intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model-based analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for assessing the response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to locoregional therapy.

Patients And Methods: Respiratory-gated DWI (=0, 50, and 800 s/mm) was retrospectively analyzed in 25 patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T before and 6 weeks following the first cycle of transarterial chemoembolization therapy, transarterial ethanol-lipiodol embolization therapy, and transarterial radioembolization therapy.

Yttrium-90 Radioembolization of Advanced, Unresectable Breast Cancer Liver Metastases-A Single-Center Experience.

Purpose: To determine value of transarterial radioembolization (TARE) for palliative treatment of unresectable liver-dominant breast metastases (LdBM) and to determine prognostic parameters.

Materials And Methods: Records of patients undergoing TARE for progressing LdBM between June 2006 and March 2015 were retrospectively reviewed; 44 female patients (mean age 56.1 y; range, 34.

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging for Prediction of Early Arterial Blood Flow Stasis in Radioembolization of Breast Cancer Liver Metastases.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate predictive value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for early arterial blood flow stasis during transarterial radioembolization (TARE) of liver dominant breast metastases (LdBM).

Materials And Methods: Preinterventional 1.5T DWI (b0, b1, b2 = 0, 50, 800 s/mm(2)) data for 28 liver lobes of 18 female patients treated by resin-based radioembolization (10 bilobar and 8 unilobar treatments) were analyzed.

Differentiation of prostatitis and prostate cancer using the Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS).

Purpose: To determine if prostate cancer (PCa) and prostatitis can be differentiated by using PI-RADS.

Materials And Methods: 3T MR images of 68 patients with 85 cancer suspicious lesions were analyzed. The findings were correlated with histopathology.

Safety of gadobutrol in more than 1,000 pediatric patients: subanalysis of the GARDIAN study, a global multicenter prospective non-interventional study.

Background: Gadobutrol is a gadolinium-based contrast agent, uniquely formulated at 1.0 mmol/ml. Although there is extensive safety evidence on the use of gadobutrol in adults, few studies have addressed the safety and tolerability of gadobutrol in pediatric patients.

A new robotic assistance system for percutaneous CT-guided punctures: Initial experience.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of CT-guided bone biopsies using a novel robotic needle guide.

Material And Methods: The robotic needle guide iSYS 1.3 (iSYS Medzintechnik, GmbH, Kitzbuehel, Austria) mounted on the standard table of a CT scanner was used for all studies.

Colonoscopy detects significantly more flat adenomas than 3-tesla magnetic resonance colonography: a pilot trial.

Background And Study Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and several efforts have been made to reduce its occurrence or severity. Although colonoscopy is considered the gold standard in CRC prevention, it has its disadvantages: missed lesions, bleeding, and perforation. Furthermore, a high number of patients undergo this procedure even though no polyps are detected.

Incidence and risk factors of early arterial blood flow stasis during first radioembolization of primary and secondary liver malignancy using resin microspheres: an initial single-center analysis.

Objectives: To retrospectively determine incidence of early arterial blood flow stasis and its influencing factors during resin-based radioembolization (RE) of liver tumours.

Methods: Data of patients undergoing resin-based RE from 06/2006-12/2013 were reviewed. Second RE procedures of the same liver lobe were excluded.

Patient Satisfaction After Femoral Arterial Access Site Closure Using the ExoSeal(®) Vascular Closure Device Compared to Manual Compression: A Prospective Intra-individual Comparative Study.

Purpose: To intra-individually compare discomfort levels and patient satisfaction after arterial access closure using the ExoSeal(®) vascular closure device (VCD) and manual compression (MC) in a prospective study design.

Methods: Patients undergoing two planned interventions from 07/2013 to 09/2014 could participate in the study. Access closure was performed with an ExoSeal(®)-VCD in one and MC in the other intervention.

Abdominal vasculature in dynamic contrast-enhanced liver MRI at 3.0T: an intraindividual comparative study using gadoxetate disodium and gadofosveset trisodium.

Objectives: To intraindividually compare gadoxetate disodium and gadofosveset trisodium regarding vessel contrast, image quality and vessel delineation in dynamic contrast-enhanced liver MRI at 3.0T.

Methods: Twelve patients underwent 3.

Dixon-based fat-free MR-angiography compared to first pass and steady-state high-resolution MR-angiography using a blood pool contrast agent.

Introduction: Compared to standard arterial-only first-pass MR-angiography (FPMRA), imaging during the equilibrium phase of a blood pool contrast agent (steady state) has been shown to provide higher image quality and better stenosis grading. Homogenous Dixon fat-suppression promises to increase contrast by suppression of fat adjacent to vessels. This study was performed to compare diagnostic image quality and vessel-to-background contrasts in equilibrium phase Dixon-based fat-free MRA (DFSMRA) of run-off vessels to FPMRA imaging and equilibrium phase T1-weighted non-fat-suppressed ultra-high resolution MRA (SSMRA).