Adipokines and Adipose Tissue: The Role and Use of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors in Patients with Diabetes or Heart Failure.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have become integral in treating both diabetes mellitus and heart failure, independent of left ventricular ejection fraction. Their pleiotropic effect influences multiple mechanisms, enhancing the function of various systems within the body. They exhibit nephroprotective and cardioprotective effects by improving cell metabolism, endothelial function, and slowing the fibrosis of the cardiac muscle, and they also have a beneficial impact on other organs.

Where did the attack come from? The mysterious case of paralysis mimicking Guillain-Barré syndrome: Case report.

Rationale: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) can present with neurological symptoms mimicking Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), posing a significant diagnostic challenge. Misidentification may lead to delayed or inappropriate treatment, increasing the risk of complications.

Patient Concerns: A 49-year-old man presented with flu-like symptoms and progressive paralysis of the left upper limb following a tick bite.

Semaphorin 6 Family-An Important Yet Overlooked Group of Signaling Proteins Involved in Cancerogenesis.

According to recent evidence, some groups of semaphorins (SEMAs) have been associated with cancer progression. These proteins are able to modulate the cellular signaling of particular receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) via the stimulation of SEMA-specific coreceptors, namely plexins (plexin-A, -B, -C, -D) and neuropilins (Np1, Np2), which share common domains with RTKs, leading to the coactivation of the latter receptors. MET, ERBB2, VEGFR2, PFGFR, and EGFR, among others, represent acknowledged targets of semaphorins that are often associated with tumor progression or poor prognosis.