How does the cut-off point for grip strength affect the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors? Findings from the ELSI-Brazil Study.

This study aimed to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors with the definition of muscle weakness established using two different cut-off points for grip strength. We carried out a cross-sectional study with 7,065 participants (aged 50 or older) from the ELSI-Brazil Study. Sarcopenia was defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and two different cut-off points for grip strength to define weakness: < 27kg for men/< 16kg for women or < 36kg for men < 23kg for women.

Risk of sarcopenia in women with breast cancer: a comparative analysis of screening tools.

Background: Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle strength and mass and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes in women with breast cancer. However, no specific tool is capable of assessing the risk of sarcopenia in this population. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the performance of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, and BMI-adjusted SARC-CalF as screening tools for the risk of sarcopenia in women with breast cancer.

Low Serum Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Reduced Muscle Strength in Women with Breast Cancer.

Vitamin D insufficiency has been frequent in women with breast cancer (BC), as well as impaired muscle strength (MS), and a possible relationship between these conditions has been investigated in different populations, except in women with BC. This study aimed to analyze the association between serum vitamin D levels and MS in women with BC. Observational cross-sectional study carried out with adult women with BC, without metastasis/recurrence, with up to 12 months of diagnosis.

Do obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disorders increase the incidence risk of dynapenia in adults aged 50 and older?

Objective: This study aims to evaluate whether obstructive or restrictive lung disorders are associated with the incidence of dynapenia in individuals aged 50 and over.

Methods: Longitudinal study involving 4,975 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) aged 50 or older, without dynapenia at baseline, followed for eight years. Lung function was assessed by spirometry (predicted percentage) and participants were classified as no pulmonary disorder (FEV ≥ 80 %, FVC ≥ 80 % and FEV/FVC ≥ 70 %); with obstructive pulmonary disorder (FEV < 80 %, FEV/FVC < 70 % and normal FVC or < 80 %); or with restrictive pulmonary disorder (FVC < 80 %, FEV/FVC > 70 % and normal or < 80 % FEV).

Can simple measures from clinical practice serve as a proxy for sarcopenic obesity and identify mortality risk?

Background: Sarcopenic obesity is a condition where loss of muscle mass occurs alongside fat gain, and it is considered a risk factor for mortality. However, the use of various definitions for this condition has led to conflicting results.

Aim: To investigate whether the coexistence of low muscle mass and abdominal obesity, defined using two simple measures employed in clinical practice, is a risk factor for mortality in individuals aged 50 or older.

Anthropometric equation has sufficient diagnostic capacity to identify sarcopenia in women with breast cancer.

Background: Sarcopenia is a common condition in women with breast cancer, however still presents limitations for an effective diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement and diagnostic accuracy of an anthropometric equation in diagnosing sarcopenia in women with breast cancer based on different constructs.

Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with women with breast cancer aged ≥ 20 years.

Risk of Sarcopenia Identified by Sarc-Calf, Nutritional Status and Hand Grip Strength in Patients with Hematological Cancer.

: Hematological cancer patients are prone to the development of sarcopenia and impaired nutritional and functional status. SARC-CalF is a screening tool for the risk of sarcopenia that has shown good results in this population. This study aimed to identify the risk of sarcopenia by SARC-CalF and to verify its association with nutritional status and Hand Grip Strength (HGS) in patients with hematological cancer.

Skeletal muscle mass obtained by anthropometric equation and presence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women.

Objective: To analyze the amount of muscle and the presence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women using different methods, verifying the agreement between them as to skeletal muscle mass (SMM).

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted with postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years. SMM was obtained from a predictive equation, Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA), and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA).

Waist Circumference as a Tool for Identifying Visceral Fat in Women with Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Abdominal adiposity is associated with tumor development and poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer (BC) and can be identified by the measurement of waist circumference (WC) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study aimed to evaluate the association between waist circumference (WC) and imaging measurement of central adiposity according to age group in women with BC. Abdominal adiposity was assessed by WC and VAT, obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Quality of life of transgender people under the lens of social determinants of health: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: There is an urgent need for knowledge about the transgender population to inform the development of clinical protocols and training of health professionals on the unique issues affecting this population. Discussing transgender quality of life (QoL) through the lens of social determinants of health (SDOHs) would enable gender-specific health interventions. Here, we aimed to review the evidence on the QoL of transgender people from an SDOH perspective.

Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Brazil.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the association between diet-related inflammation and gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) and evidence is scarce in Brazil. This study evaluated the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and GA.

Methods: A multicenter case-control study was conducted in Brazil.

Nutrient Patterns and Risk of Osteopenia in Postmenopausal Women.

Nutrient patterns (NPs) and the synergistic effect between nutrients have been shown to be associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD). This study aimed to identify NPs and to associate them with BMD categories in postmenopausal women. This cross-sectional, observational, analytical study was carried out with women in menopause for at least 12 months, aged ≥50 years.

Muscle strength is associated with fracture risk obtained by fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) in women with breast cancer.

Background: Women with breast cancer are at risk for the development of sarcopenia and occurrence of fractures. The initial and periodic screening of these conditions can prevent the risks of disability, poor quality of life, and death. The present study investigated the association between sarcopenia phenotypes and fracture risk, assessed by the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) in women with breast cancer.

Dietary consumption of selenium inversely associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), which increases the risk of falls and fractures and reduces mobility. Some nutrients have a well-established role in maintaining bone health and preventing osteoporosis, while selenium (Se) has aroused interest in bone health possibly because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary Se consumption and BMD in postmenopausal women.

Low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index is associated with the anthropometric variables of post-menopausal women.

Background: Skeletal muscle mass is a central component of body composition and its decline is enhanced during aging. We verified the association between the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) with the anthropometric variables, biochemical variables, and lifestyle of postmenopausal women.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study conducted with postmenopausal women.

Agreement between maximum and mean handgrip strength measurements in cancer patients.

Background And Aim: Handgrip strength (HGS) can be used to identify probable sarcopenia, by measuring maximum strength and/or through the average of three measurements. This study analyzed the agreement between maximum and mean HGS measurements in identifying probable sarcopenia in cancer patients.

Methods: Adult individuals of both sexes diagnosed with malignant neoplasm were evaluated.

Influence of the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index on the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women.

Background: The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) is an important risk indicator for osteoporosis because of the anatomical proximity and metabolic connection between muscle and bone mass. The present study investigated the relationship between ASMI and the bone mineral density (BMD) categories of postmenopausal women.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample, sociodemographic, lifestyle, menopause time, anthropometric, and physical activity variables were collected.

Evolution of Nutritional Status in Patients with Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Undergoing Surgical Treatment or Organ Preservation Protocol.

We sought to evaluate the evolution of the nutritional status of patients with advanced cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract undergoing surgical treatment (SURG) or organ preservation protocol (OP). Evaluations were conducted at the beginning and end of treatment, including weight, body composition and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Each group was comprised of 29 patients.

Malnutrition and nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) in surgical patients with cancer.

Background And Aim: Nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) are common in cancer patients and the negative impacts on nutritional status indicate the need for research, diagnosis and nutritional intervention in order to reduce the risk of malnutrition. We aimed to verify the presence of malnutrition, the need for nutritional intervention, NIS and their influence on the nutritional status of surgical patients with cancer.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a public tertiary hospital, from March 2017 to October 2019.

Presence of dynapenia and association with anthropometric variables in cancer patients.

Background: Dynapenia is defined as an age-related loss of muscle strength. There is little information on dynapenia in cancer patients and on how it relates to anthropometric variables. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of dynapenia and its association with anthropometric variables in hospitalized cancer patients.

SARC-CalF-assessed risk of sarcopenia and associated factors in cancer patients.

Introduction: sarcopenia is considered a risk factor for cancer patients, as it increases mortality and post-surgical complications, and reduces response to treatment and quality of life. Objective: to identify the risk of sarcopenia by SARC-CalF, as well as the factors associated with this outcome in patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and adnexal glands. Methods: this cross-sectional study included patients with cancer of the GIT and adnexal glands, without edema or ascites, of both sexes and aged ≥ 20 years.

Association of Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness and Handgrip Strength with nutritional status in cancer patients.

Background And Aim: Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer, and its early diagnosis can reduce or prevent further complications and improve the clinical and nutritional prognosis. Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness (APMT) and Handgrip Strength have been explored in this population to identify a reduction in strength and muscle mass prior to the use of conventional methods. We aimed to correlate APMT and Handgrip Strength with conventional anthropometric variables in cancer patients and verify their association with nutritional status as determined by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA).