Klebsiella oxytoca facilitates microbiome recovery via antibiotic degradation and restores colonization resistance in a diet-dependent manner.

Competition among bacteria for carbohydrates is pivotal for colonization resistance (CR). However, the impact of Western-style diets on CR remains unclear. Here we show how the competition between Klebsiella oxytoca and Klebsiella pneumoniae is modulated by consuming one of three Western-style diets characterized by high-starch, high-sucrose, or high-fat/high-sucrose content.

Klebsiella oxytoca inhibits Salmonella infection through multiple microbiota-context-dependent mechanisms.

The Klebsiella oxytoca species complex is part of the human microbiome, especially during infancy and childhood. K. oxytoca species complex strains can produce enterotoxins, namely, tilimycin and tilivalline, while also contributing to colonization resistance (CR).

An adapted method for Cas9-mediated editing reveals the species-specific role of β-glucoside utilization driving competition between species.

Unlabelled: Cas9-based gene editing tools have revolutionized genetics, enabling the fast and precise manipulation of diverse bacterial species. However, widely applicable genetic tools for non-model gut bacteria are unavailable. Here, we present a two-plasmid Cas9-based system designed for gene deletion and knock-in complementation in three members of the species complex (KoSC), which we applied to study the genetic factors underlying the role of these bacteria in competition against .

Reduced intestinal lipid absorption improves glucose metabolism in aged G2-Terc knockout mice.

Background: Biological aging is an important factor leading to the development of pathologies associated with metabolic dysregulation, including type 2 diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Telomere length, a central feature of aging, has additionally been identified as inversely associated with glucose tolerance and the development of type 2 diabetes. However, the effects of shortened telomeres on body weight and metabolism remain incompletely understood.

Colitis ameliorates cholestatic liver disease via suppression of bile acid synthesis.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The majority of PSC patients suffer from concomitant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which has been suggested to promote disease development and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which intestinal inflammation may aggravate cholestatic liver disease remain incompletely understood.

Microbiota of vaccinated and non-vaccinated clinically inconspicuous and conspicuous piglets under natural infection.

(.) is a widespread, economically important bacterium causing the porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE). In this study, we evaluated intestinal microbiota of naturally exposed -positive pigs under standardized conditions.

High Dietary Intake of Rye Affects Porcine Gut Microbiota in a Typhimurium Infection Study.

Bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the hindgut has considerable potential for the stimulation or inhibition of the growth of distinct bacteria within microbiota. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether high levels of rye affect porcine gut microbiota composition with subsequent effects on the load of Typhimurium, an intestinal pathogen with zoonotic relevance. Therefore, forty-two 25-day-old piglets were allocated to two groups and fed a diet containing either 69% wheat or 69% rye for 35 days.

Imbalanced gut microbiota fuels hepatocellular carcinoma development by shaping the hepatic inflammatory microenvironment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and therapeutic options for advanced HCC are limited. Here, we observe that intestinal dysbiosis affects antitumor immune surveillance and drives liver disease progression towards cancer. Dysbiotic microbiota, as seen in Nlrp6 mice, induces a Toll-like receptor 4 dependent expansion of hepatic monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (mMDSC) and suppression of T-cell abundance.

Klebsiella oxytoca causes colonization resistance against multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae in the gut via cooperative carbohydrate competition.

Gut colonization with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria enhances the risk of bloodstream infections in susceptible individuals. We demonstrate highly variable degrees of ex vivo colonization resistance against a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain in human feces samples and subsequently isolate diverse K. oxytoca strains from protected donors.

Removable denture is a risk indicator for peri-implantitis and facilitates expansion of specific periodontopathogens: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of peri-implantitis ranges between 7 and 38.4% depending on risk indicators such as smoking, diabetes mellitus, lack of periodontal maintenance program, and history or presence of periodontitis. Currently, the possible effect of the type of superstructure on peri-implant health is unclear.

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism-Based Genetic Diversity Analysis of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates.

Extensive use of next-generation sequencing has the potential to transform our knowledge on how genomic variation within bacterial species impacts phenotypic versatility. Because different environments have unique selection pressures, they drive divergent evolution. However, there is also parallel or convergent evolution of traits in independent bacterial isolates inhabiting similar environments.

BACTOME-a reference database to explore the sequence- and gene expression-variation landscape of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.

Extensive use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for pathogen profiling has the potential to transform our understanding of how genomic plasticity contributes to phenotypic versatility. However, the storage of large amounts of NGS data and visualization tools need to evolve to offer the scientific community fast and convenient access to these data. We introduce BACTOME as a database system that links aligned DNA- and RNA-sequencing reads of clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with clinically relevant pathogen phenotypes.

Deep transcriptome profiling of clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates reveals strain and sequence type-specific adaptation.

Health-care-associated infections by multi-drug-resistant bacteria constitute one of the greatest challenges to modern medicine. Bacterial pathogens devise various mechanisms to withstand the activity of a wide range of antimicrobial compounds, among which the acquisition of carbapenemases is one of the most concerning. In Klebsiella pneumoniae, the dissemination of the K.

In vivo mRNA profiling of uropathogenic Escherichia coli from diverse phylogroups reveals common and group-specific gene expression profiles.

mRNA profiling of pathogens during the course of human infections gives detailed information on the expression levels of relevant genes that drive pathogenicity and adaptation and at the same time allows for the delineation of phylogenetic relatedness of pathogens that cause specific diseases. In this study, we used mRNA sequencing to acquire information on the expression of Escherichia coli pathogenicity genes during urinary tract infections (UTI) in humans and to assign the UTI-associated E. coli isolates to different phylogenetic groups.

Homepeptide repeats: implications for protein structure, function and evolution.

Analysis of protein sequences from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (Mtb H37Rv) was performed to identify homopeptide repeat-containing proteins (HRCPs). Functional annotation of the HRCPs showed that they are preferentially involved in cellular metabolism. Furthermore, these homopeptide repeats might play some specific roles in protein-protein interaction.