Comparison of Carbapenem vs. Amikacin Antimicrobial Therapy for Pediatric Acute Pyelonephritis Caused by Extended-Spectrum Β-Lactamase-Positive Enterobacteriaceae.

: Acute pyelonephritis (APN) caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Enterobacteriaceae poses a growing therapeutic challenge in children, as carbapenems remain the mainstay of treatment even when susceptibility to alternative agents such as amikacin is demonstrated. However, the widespread and inappropriate use of carbapenems can lead to carbapenem resistance. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of amikacin and carbapenems in the management of pediatric acute pyelonephritis caused by ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae.

Prevalence and risk factors of concurrent bacteremia in children under 5 years of age hospitalized with viral lower respiratory tract infections.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of concurrent bacteremia in otherwise healthy children under 5 years of age hospitalized with PCR-confirmed viral lower respiratory tract infections (VLRTIs), and to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its prevalence and etiology.

Methods: This retrospective study included children (≤ 5 years) hospitalized with PCR-confirmed VLRTIs between January 2018 and December 2024. Based on microbiology results obtained within 24 h of admission, we assessed the presence of concurrent, community-acquired bacteremia.

Cardiac effects of COVID-19 infection in children.

Background: It is known established that the cardiac effects of COVID-19 infection are associated with poor prognosis and high mortality rates in infected patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiac effects of COVID-19 infection in paediatric patients and identify the correlations between clinical and laboratory data and the degree of cardiac involvement.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted on 64 paediatric patients at Gazi University Department of Pediatrics who were treated as inpatients with a diagnosis of COVID-19.

Concurrent Klebsiella Bacteremia in Two Infants with Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. In most previously healthy infants, RSV infection is self-limited and resolves without complications. The risk of bacteremia is low in young febrile infants with RSV infection.

A pediatric case series of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by serotype-19A despite full dose vaccination.

is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia and bacterial meningitis in children. Although pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are commonly available, invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) still remains a life-threatening complication. Serotype 19A has high invasive potential and is capable of causing extensive and destructive lung disease.

Congenital Rubella syndrome: A short report and literature review.

Rubella infections are rarely seen where immunization programmes are in place. Congenital rubella syndrome is however still observed where the vaccination programme against rubella is not administered or interrupted. We present such a case, with typical clinical anomalies including congenital cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss and bone lesions.

The effect of apoprotein E gene polymorphism on neurocognitive functions of children with CHD.

Studies have demonstrated an association between CHD and neurodevelopmental delay. This delay is associated with many factors like reduced blood flow and oxygen, cardiac catheterisations, and genetic factors. Apo E gene polymorphism is one of these genetic factors.

Persistent Rhinovirus Infection in a Child With Leukemia.

Human Rhinovirus (HRV) is one of the most common pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in infants and children. Several reports suggest that HRV has the potential to cause chronic infection after an acute viral infection in an immunosuppressed patient. Although chronic HRV infection has been reported in lung transplant recipients, patients with hypogammaglobulinemia and cystic fibrosis, the duration and severity of HRV infection remain unclear.

Risk Factors for Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Survival in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Experience.

Objectives: Graft-versus-host disease is still one of the most important complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The risk factors remain unclear, with effects of graft-versus-host disease on survival varying among different centers. We aimed to determine risk factors that may affect development of graft-versus-host disease and the corresponding patient survival rates at a single pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant unit.

Management of a Pediatric Burn Center During the Covid-19 Pandemic.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of an algorithm that was created to prevent coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) transmission during the management of children with burns in a tertiary pediatric burn center. Children admitted to the burn center between May 2020 and November 2020 were prospectively evaluated for cause, burn depth, TBSA, length of stay, symptoms suggesting COVID-19, suspicious contact history, history of travel abroad, and COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results. Patients were divided into two groups: unsuspected (group 1) and suspected (group 2), depending on any history of suspicious contact, travel abroad, and/or presence of symptoms.

The comparison and diagnostic accuracy of different types of thermometers.

Background: Fever is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions in children. Although there are many ways to measure body temperature, the optimal method and the anatomic site are still controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of new methods of measuring body temperature and to compare the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of these methods.