Int J Cardiol
July 2025
Background: Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) can be implanted epicardially or transvenously in children. Both techniques involve procedure-specific complications, and evidence for the choice of technique in children of different ages is scarce.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize a complete national pediatric cohort with de novo CIED implantation and compare the risks and causes of reintervention between transvenous and epicardial CIED recipients.