Evaluation of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Efficacy and Molecular Markers in Uncomplicated Falciparum Patients: A Study across Binh Phuoc and Dak Nong, Vietnam.

: Malaria continues to be a significant global health challenge. The efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) has declined in many parts of the Greater Mekong Subregion, including Vietnam, due to the spread of resistant malaria strains. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of the Dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-Piperaquine (PPQ) regimen in treating uncomplicated malaria and to conduct molecular surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance in Binh Phuoc and Dak Nong provinces.

Comparative genomics of two Vietnamese Helicobacter pylori strains, CHC155 from a non-cardia gastric cancer patient and VN1291 from a duodenal ulcer patient.

Helicobacter pylori is involved in the etiology and severity of several gastroduodenal diseases; however, plasticity of the H. pylori genome makes complete genome assembly difficult. We report here the full genomes of H.

Helicobacter pylori type 4 secretion systems as gastroduodenal disease markers.

Although the type 4 secretion system of the integrating and conjugative elements (tfs ICE) is common in Helicobacter pylori, its clinical association with the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) have not yet been well-investigated. In this study, Vietnamese patient H. pylori samples (46 duodenal ulcer (DU), 51 non-cardia gastric cancer (NCGC), 39 chronic gastritis (CG)) were fully sequenced using next-generation sequencing and assembled into contigs.

Serum Helicobacter pylori antibody reactivity in seven Asian countries using an automated latex aggregation turbidity assay.

Background And Aim: To determine the application range of diagnostic kits utilizing anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody, we tested a newly developed latex aggregation turbidity assay (latex) and a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (E-plate), both containing Japanese H. pylori protein lysates as antigens, using sera from seven Asian countries.

Methods: Serum samples (1797) were obtained, and standard H.

A Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Approach to Identify Genetic Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance in Cambodian Clinical Isolates.

We evaluated the primary resistance of () to routinely used antibiotics in Cambodia, an unexplored topic in the country, and assessed next-generation sequencing's (NGS) potential to discover genetic resistance determinants. Fifty-five strains were successfully cultured and screened for antibiotic susceptibility using agar dilution. Genotypic analysis was performed using NGS data with a CLC genomic workbench.

Management of Antibiotic-Resistant Infection: Perspectives from Vietnam.

Antibiotic resistance is the most important factor leading to the failure of eradication regimens. This review focuses on the prevalence of primary and secondary resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, amoxicillin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, and multidrug in Vietnam. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Vietnamese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Vietnamese Biomedical databases from January 2000 to December 2016.

Molecular Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Minor Ethnic Group of Vietnam: A Multiethnic, Population-Based Study.

The -induced burden of gastric cancer varies based on geographical regions and ethnic grouping. Vietnam is a multiethnic country with the highest incidence of gastric cancer in Southeast Asia, but previous studies focused only on the Kinh ethnic group. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using 494 volunteers (18-78 years old), from 13 ethnic groups in Daklak and Lao Cai provinces, Vietnam.

Advanced non-cardia gastric cancer and infection in Vietnam.

Background: The incidence of gastric cancer in the Northern city, Hanoi is higher than in the Southern city, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. We previously reported that m1 genotype might be responsible for the difference between the two cities, however, the study only included non-cancer patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the non-cardia gastric cancer characteristics and the role of virulence on different non-cardia gastric cancer incidence between two cities in Vietnam.

Novel CagA ELISA exhibits enhanced sensitivity of CagA antibody.

Aim: To develop a novel () CagA antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) suitable for detecting serum anti-CagA antibodies with high sensitivity.

Methods: Recombinant East Asian-type CagA protein was purified and immobilized for ELISA. Serum samples from 217 Vietnamese individuals (110 -infected and 107 uninfected individuals) were applied.

Antifungal susceptibility of invasive Candida bloodstream isolates from the Asia-Pacific region.

Bloodstream infections caused by Candida species are of increasing importance and associated with significant mortality. We performed a multi-centre prospective observational study to identify the species and antifungal susceptibilities of invasive bloodstream isolates of Candida species in the Asia-Pacific region. The study was carried out over a two year period, involving 13 centers from Brunei, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.

The Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Factors in Bhutan, Vietnam, and Myanmar Is Related to Gastric Cancer Incidence.

Gastric cancer is a significant health problem in Asia. Although the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is similar in Bhutan, Vietnam, and Myanmar, the incidence of gastric cancer is highest in Bhutan, followed by Vietnam and Myanmar. We hypothesized that H.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Metronidazole-Resistant Helicobacter pylori Strain.

We report here the complete genome sequence of a metronidazole-resistant Helicobacter pylori strain (MET(r)). The MET(r) strain was obtained under exposure of H. pylori 26695 on agar plates with low metronidazole concentrations.

Search for novel candidate mutations for metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori using next-generation sequencing.

Metronidazole resistance is a key factor associated with Helicobacter pylori treatment failure. Although this resistance is mainly associated with mutations in the rdxA and frxA genes, the question of whether metronidazole resistance is caused by the inactivation of frxA alone is still debated. Furthermore, it is unclear whether there are other mutations involved in addition to the two genes that are associated with resistance.

Virulence genes of Helicobacter pylori in gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer in Laos.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an established cause of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to identify H.

Helicobacter pylori from gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer show same phylogeographic origin in the Andean region in Colombia.

Background: A recent report has shown that the phylogenetic origin of Helicobacter pylori based on multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was significantly associated with the severity of gastritis in Colombia. However, the potential relationship between phylogenetic origin and clinical outcomes was not examined in that study. If the phylogenetic origin rather than virulence factors were truly associated with clinical outcomes, identifying a population at high risk for gastric cancer in Colombia would be relatively straightforward.

Discovery of novel mutations for clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori by using next-generation sequencing.

Objectives: Resistance to clarithromycin is the most important factor causing failure of Helicobacter pylori eradication. Although clarithromycin resistance is mainly associated with three point mutations in the 23S rRNA genes, it is unclear whether other mutations are associated with this resistance.

Methods: Two types of clarithromycin-resistant strains (low- and high-resistance strains) were obtained from clarithromycin-susceptible H.

Complete Genome Sequences of Helicobacter pylori Clarithromycin-Resistant Strains.

We report the complete genome sequences of two Helicobacter pylori clarithromycin-resistant strains. Clarithromycin (CLR)-resistant strains were obtained under the exposure of H. pylori strain 26695 on agar plates with low clarithromycin concentrations.

Helicobacter pylori cagA 12-bp insertion can be a marker for duodenal ulcer in Okinawa, Japan.

Background And Aim: Helicobacter pylori cagA can be classified into mainly two types (East-Asian-type and Western-type cagA) according to the repeat regions located in the 3' region. Recent studies showed that the Western-type cagA in strains from Okinawa, Japan formed a different cluster (J-Western-type cagA subtype). It has also been reported that J-Western-type cagA possesses a 12-bp insertion located in the 5' region of cagA sequence.