The Implications of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery on Psychosocial and Relational Health: A Narrative Review.

Obesity is a globally prevalent condition associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. Metabolic and bariatric surgery offers a definitive treatment for class III (BMI > 40) obesity, achieving substantial, enduring weight loss and improving metabolic health. Despite extensive research on the physical benefits, comparatively fewer reviews investigate the psychosocial and relational changes accompanying these procedures.

The role of resilience in mitigating depression and anxiety in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), often triggers psychological distress. Resilience, the ability to adapt to stress and trauma, may mitigate the psychological effects of chronic illnesses.

Aims: To determine whether higher psychological resilience is independently associated with reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms and whether it moderates the relationship between disease activity and these symptoms in IBD patients.

Burnout among young Italian Internists: a cross-sectional study assessing prevalence and associated factors.

Burnout among physicians is associated with poor productivity at work, dissatisfaction, and regrets about career choices. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and its main associated factors among young Italian Internists. An online survey assessing different aspects of training and working conditions of young internists was conducted across European countries by the Young Internists Group of the European Federation of Internal Medicine (EFIM).

The role of fecal microbiota transplantation in diabetes.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for modulating gut dysbiosis in diabetes mellitus. This review critically evaluates preclinical and clinical evidence on FMT in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies suggest that FMT can restore microbial diversity, improve glycemic control, and modulate immune responses, with varying effects across diabetes subtypes.

Shear Wave Dispersion Elastography in ALD and MASLD: Comparative Pathophysiology and Clinical Potential-A Narrative Review.

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality, progressing from steatosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. While liver biopsy remains the gold standard for identifying liver disease, non-invasive methods like shear wave dispersion (SWD) elastography offer promising alternatives. This scoping review evaluates SWD's potential in the study of ALD, comparing it to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Current treatments of alcohol use disorder.

Emerging treatments for alcohol dependence reveal an intricate interplay of neurobiological, psychological, and circumstantial factors that contribute to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The approved strategies balancing these factors involve extensive manipulations of neurotransmitter systems such as GABA, Glutamate, Dopamine, Serotonin, and Acetylcholine. Innovative developments are engaging mechanisms such as GABA reuptake inhibition and allosteric modulation.

Prothrombin time predicts steroid response in severe alcohol-related hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) is the most severe form of acute alcohol-related liver disease. Maddrey's discriminant function ≥32 defines the severe form of AH, which is associated with a high mortality. Steroid therapy represents the main medical treatment that may reduce short-term mortality.

Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare): an ancient grain, a novel choice for a healthy gluten-free diet.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease related to gluten consumption. To date, the only effective therapy that can reverse symptoms and prevent complications is the gluten-free diet (GFD), which is challenging to maintain and has potential health risks. Identifying foods that can help diversify the GFD and that best match the nutritional needs of people with CD may improve the health and quality of life of celiac patients.

Risk of burnout and stress in physicians working in a COVID team: A longitudinal survey.

Background And Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a source of stress and potential burnout for many physicians. This single-site survey aimed at assessing perceived stress and risk to develop burnout syndrome among physicians operating in COVID wards.

Methods: This longitudinal survey evaluated stress and burnout in 51 physicians operating in the COVID team of Gemelli Hospital, Italy.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy in Alcohol Use Disorder Patients after Liver Transplantation: A Case Series and Review of Literature.

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder resulting from thiamine deficiency, commonly found in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients. Liver transplantation (LT) could represent a risk factor for the onset of WE in AUD patients, due to the onset of chronic depletion of thiamine in this population and the high metabolic demand of surgery and the postoperative period. However, few data are available about the risk of the onset of WE in AUD patients after LT.

Make Mission Impossible Feasible: The Experience of a Multidisciplinary Team Providing Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder to Homeless Individuals.

Aim: People experiencing homelessness are often excluded from treatment programs for alcohol use disorder (AUD). The goal of this study was to describe the impact of a multidisciplinary treatment program on alcohol consumption and social reintegration in individuals with AUD experiencing homelessness.

Methods: Thirty-one individuals with AUD experiencing homelessness were admitted to an inpatient unit for 5-6 days for clinical evaluation and to treat potential alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Gut microbiota compositional and functional fingerprint in patients with alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver disease.

Background & Aims: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) represents the most common cause of liver disease. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the progression of alcohol-related liver damage. Aim of this study was to characterize the gut microbial composition and function in AUD patients with alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD).

Baclofen for the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: 10 Years After the First Evidence.

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic and relapsing condition characterized by harmful alcohol intake and behavioral-cognitive changes. AUD is the most common cause of liver disease in the Western world. Alcohol abstinence is the cornerstone of therapy in alcoholic patients affected with liver disease.