Oral microflora of snakes in a biodiversity hotspot of North Eastern India.

Background: A significant number of snake bites are reported every year from Mizoram, the majority of which are considered to be The occurrence of deaths from deadly venomous to mildly venomous snake bites has also been reflected in records. Even if the bites are not fatal, they cause a significant problem as they are often associated with secondary bacterial infection. This is believed to significantly contribute to complications in addition to the effect of venom.

The rising threat of Nipah virus: a highly contagious and deadly zoonotic pathogen.

The Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly virulent zoonotic infectious agent that poses a significant threat to public health. The virus is characterized by its pleomorphic structure and a single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome. It encodes six structural proteins and three nonstructural proteins.

Optimizing performance in young goats: impact of concentrate supplementation in Cicer arietinum straw-based diets on rumen fermentation, nutrient availability, blood profile and growth.

The current study was conducted to optimize the growth performance of Indian goat breed (Barbari), with a focus on enhancing productivity for intensive commercial goat farming systems. The study explored the impact of varying concentrations of concentrate feed mix on the growth, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, and blood health of intensively raised young Barbari goats. Thirty-two male weaned kids, approximately 5 months old and weighing 9.

Evaluating climate vulnerability in dairy farming systems across agro climatic zones in Jharkhand State of India: a scientific analysis of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity parameters.

Indian dairy farming systems face significant challenges from climate change, which negatively impacts milk production. Despite this, research addressing the issue remains scarce. Thus, this study aims to assess the climate vulnerability of dairy farming across three agro climatic zones in Jharkhand: Zone IV (Central and North Eastern Plateau), Zone V (Western Plateau), and Zone VI (South Eastern Plateau).

Corrigendum to "Threats of zoonotic pathogens in food chain: Current status and gaps in India" [Heliyon Volume 11, Issue 1, 15 January 2025, e41240].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Ameliorating arsenic toxicity in young goats: assessing vitamin E and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on feed intake, carcass quality, mineral profiles in tissues and impending health risks to humans.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of vitamin E, yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and a combined supplement of both in alleviating the impacts of arsenic exposure on young goats. Alongside, we investigated feed consumption, carcass traits, arsenic levels in blood and organs, mineral distribution in different tissues, and potential human health risks from consuming meat from arsenic-exposed goats. Thirty healthy male Black Bengal goat weaned kids, averaging 6.

Associations of anthropogenic activity and tributaries with the physicochemical, nutrient and microbial composition of the Ganga (Ganges) River, India.

The Ganga River (known internationally as the Ganges) is one of the world's most prominent rivers, running from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal and supporting the livelihoods of > 40 % of India's 1.4 billion population. The Ganga River is regionally and globally important, supporting agriculture and industry, yet faces potentially detrimental water quality challenges arising from runoff and discharge from increasing urbanization, industry and agriculture.

Effect of supplementation of phytoadditive mixtures on live weight, blood indices, hormonal profile and reproductive performance in Black Bengal goats.

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phytoadditive mixtures containing equal proportions of Curcuma longa & Allium sativum (PAM-1) and Curcuma longa & Ocimum sanctum (PAM-2) on live weight, blood parameters, hormonal profile and reproductive performance in Black Bengal goats. A total of 21 post weaned female kids of 3-4 months age and similar body weights maintained at Goat Research Unit of Eastern Regional Station (ERS), National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Kalyani, India during the year 2021-2022 were randomly distributed in three groups namely, Control, PAM-1 and PAM-2 for 10 months. Blood parameters i.

Threats of zoonotic pathogens in food chain: Current status and gaps in India.

Background: Public health is seriously threatened by transmission of zoonotic infection through the food chain. Factors like increasing population, deforestation, high demand for animal protein, and trade of sub-clinically infected animals are the main causes of the spread of infections from asymptomatic animals to humans. Despite several national programs like (The Clean India Mission) prevention of open defecation and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), the incidence of diarrhoeal diseases remains high in India.

Effect of Thermo-Insulated Kid Barrel on Behavioral, Physiological Responses, and Morphometric Growth Performance of Winter-Born Black Bengal Goat Kids during Pre- and Post-Weaning Periods.

This study assessed the effect of a thermo-insulated kid barrel (KB) on the behavioral, physiological, and morphometric growth performance of winter-born Black Bengal goat kids. Two groups were studied: one group was housed in a goat shed without a thermo-insulated kid barrel (control group), while the other group was housed in a shed with a thermo-insulated kid barrel (kid barrel group). Each group consisted of six kids along with their mothers.

Bacterial Catabolism of Phthalates With Estrogenic Activity Used as Plasticisers in the Manufacture of Plastic Products.

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), the pervasive and ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemicals of environmental concern, generated annually on a million-ton scale, are primarily employed as plasticisers in the production of a variety of plastic products and as additives in a large number of commercial supplies. The increased awareness of various adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health including reproductive and developmental disorders has led to a striking increase in research interest aimed at managing these man-made oestrogenic chemicals. In these circumstances, microbial metabolism appeared as the major realistic process to neutralise the toxic burdens of PAEs in an ecologically accepted manner.

GT-Net: global transformer network for multiclass brain tumor classification using MR images.

Multiclass classification of brain tumors from magnetic resonance (MR) images is challenging due to high inter-class similarities. To this end, convolution neural networks (CNN) have been widely adopted in recent studies. However, conventional CNN architectures fail to capture the small lesion patterns of brain tumors.

Comparative fitness trade-offs associated with azole resistance in clinical isolates.

Multidrug-resistant yeast is a serious threat to public health with documented survival in various hospital niches. The dynamics of this survival benefit and its trade off with drug resistance are still unknown for this pathogen. In this study we investigate the oxidative stress response (OSR) in fluconazole-resistant and compare its relative fitness with fluconazole-susceptible strains.

CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout of an amino acid permease gene (AAP6) reduced Arabidopsis thaliana susceptibility to Meloidogyne incognita.

Background: Plant-parasitic root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) causes global yield loss in agri- and horticultural crops. Nematode management options rely on chemical method. However, only a handful of nematicides are commercially available.

In-silico insights of ESBL variants and tracking the probable sources of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in a small-scale poultry farm.

Commercial broiler farms face challenges of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli transmitted from both vertical and horizontal routes. Understanding the dynamics of ESBL-E. coli transmission in compromised biosecurity settings of small-scale rural poultry farms is essential.

Effect of feeding Bengal gram residual forage-based pelleted total mixed ration on growth performance, nutrient availability, carcass traits and composition in finisher Barbari kids.

The study aimed to assess the impact of feeding Bengal gram residual forage-based pelleted Total Mixed Ration (TMR) with varying concentrate (C) to roughage (R) ratios on feed intake, nutrient utilization, growth, and carcass characteristics in Barbari kids. Sixteen weaned male Barbari kids (av. age, 233 ± 11 days; weight, 13.

A porous organic polymer for symmetric sodium dual-ion batteries through an adsorption-intercalation-insertion mechanism.

A porous organic polymer (POP) has been developed for dual-ion storage in all organic symmetric rechargeable batteries. The triphenylamine-pyrene-based POP could host sodium and hexafluorophosphate ions acting as the anode and the cathode, respectively, through the adsorption-intercalation and insertion mechanism. The current study highlights the concept of widening the potential window of a dual ion battery by judicious selection of the constituent moieties.

Metabolism of toxic benzonitrile and hydroxybenzonitrile isomers via several distinct central pathway intermediates in a catabolically robust Burkholderia sp.

Aromatic nitriles are of considerable environmental concern, because of their hazardous impacts on the health of both humans and wildlife. In the present study, Burkholderia sp. strain BC1 was observed to be capable of utilizing toxic benzonitrile and hydroxybenzonitrile isomers singly, as sole carbon and energy sources.

Induced knockdown of and perturbed the host seeking behavior of in rice.

Root-knot nematode is one of the most destructive plant parasites in upland as well as direct seeded rice. As an integral part of nematode biology, host finding behavior involves perceiving and responding to different chemical cues originating from the rhizosphere. A sustainable management tactic may include retardation of nematode chemoreception that would impair them to detect and discriminate the host stimuli.

A nematode-inducible promoter can effectively drives RNAi construct to confer Meloidogyne incognita resistance in tomato.

Heterologous expression of a nematode-responsive promoter in tomato successfully driven the RNAi constructs to impart root-knot nematode resistance. The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita seriously afflicts the global productivity of tomatoes. Nematode management options are extremely reliant on chemical methods, however, only a handful of nematicides are commercially available.

Molecular and functional characterization of chemosensory genes from the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola.

Background: Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola has emerged as a major threat in rice agroecosystems owing to climate change-induced changes in cultivation practices. Synthetic nematicides are continually being withdrawn from the nematode management toolbox because of their ill effects on the environment. A sustainable strategy would be to develop novel nematicides or resistant plants that would target nematode sensory perception, which is a key step in the host finding biology of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs).