Dataset of tensorial optical and transport properties of materials from the Wannier function method.

The discovery of functional materials for energy harvesting and electronic applications require accurate predictions of their optical and transport properties. While several existing datasets contain the optical and transport properties calculated from first-principles calculations, the amount of material entries is often limited and those properties are often reported in scalar form. Comprehensive datasets for the tensorial properties, particularly optical properties, still remain inadequate, which prevents from capturing the anisotropy effect in materials.

Revealing the Solution Conformation and Hydration Structure of Type I Tropocollagen Using X-ray Scattering and Molecular Dynamics Simulation.

Hydration plays a crucial role in regulating the dispersion behavior of biomolecules in water, particularly in how pH-sensitive hydration water network forms around proteins. This study explores the conformation and hydration structure of Type-I tropocollagen using small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results reveal that tropocollagen exhibits a significant softening conformation in solution, transitioning from its rod-like structure in tissues to a worm-like conformation, characterized by a reduced radius of gyration of 50 nm and a persistent length of 34 nm.

Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) and concomitant inguinal hernioplasty: a single-center experience.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition in aging males, leading to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and associated urinary symptoms. With increasing life expectancy, the incidence of BPH and its co-morbidities, like inguinal hernia, has risen. This study explores the efficacy of combining transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and inguinal hernioplasty in a single surgical session to address both conditions, potentially reducing the need for multiple hospitalizations and surgical interventions.

Onco-Circuit Addiction and Onco-Nutrient mTORC1 Signaling Vulnerability in a Model of Aggressive T Cell Malignancy.

How genetic lesions drive cell transformation and whether they can be circumvented without compromising function of non-transformed cells are enduring questions in oncology. Here we show that in mature T cells-in which physiologic clonal proliferation is a cardinal feature- constitutive transcription and loss in mice modeled aggressive human malignancy by reinforcing each other's oncogenic programs. This cooperation was supported by MYC-induced large neutral amino acid transporter chaperone SLC3A2 and dietary leucine, which in synergy with deletion overstimulated mTORC1 to promote mitochondrial fitness and MYC protein overexpression in a positive feedback circuit.

Robustification of Bayesian-Inference-Based Gait Estimation for Lower-limb Wearable Robots.

Lower-limb wearable robots designed to assist people in everyday activities must reliably recover from any momentary confusion about what the user is doing. Such confusion might arise from momentary sensor failure, collision with an obstacle, losing track of gait due to an out-of-distribution stride, etc. Systems that infer a user's walking condition from angle measurements using Bayesian filters (e.

Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages to outcompete endovascular endothelial progenitor cells and suppress tumor neoangiogenesis.

Tumors develop by invoking a supportive environment characterized by aberrant angiogenesis and infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In a transgenic model of breast cancer, we found that TAMs localized to the tumor parenchyma and were smaller than mammary tissue macrophages. TAMs had low activity of the metabolic regulator mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and depletion of negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling, tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1), in TAMs inhibited tumor growth in a manner independent of adaptive lymphocytes.

Integration of cellular-resolution optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy for discrimination of skin cancer cells with machine learning.

Significance: An integrated cellular-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) module with near-infrared Raman spectroscopy was developed on the discrimination of various skin cancer cells and normal cells. Micron-level three-dimensional (3D) spatial resolution and the spectroscopic capability on chemical component determination can be obtained simultaneously.

Aim: We experimentally verified the effectiveness of morphology, intensity, and spectroscopy features for discriminating skin cells.

Piperic acid derivative as a molecular modulator to accelerate the IAPP aggregation process and alter its antimicrobial activity.

Piperic acid derivatives were found to affect the islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregation process. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that PAD-13 was an efficient molecular modulator to accelerate IAPP fibril formation by promoting primary and secondary nucleation and reducing its antimicrobial activity.

Revealing cholesterol effects on PEGylated HSPC liposomes using AF4-MALS and simultaneous small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering.

Liposome development is of great interest owing to increasing requirements for efficient drug carriers. The structural features and thermal stability of such liposomes are crucial in drug transport and delivery. Reported here are the results of the structural characterization of PEGylated liposomes via small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering and an asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) system coupled with differential refractive-index detection, multi-angle light scattering (MALS) and dynamic light scattering.

Reprogramming tumour-associated macrophages to outcompete cancer cells.

In metazoan organisms, cell competition acts as a quality control mechanism to eliminate unfit cells in favour of their more robust neighbours. This mechanism has the potential to be maladapted, promoting the selection of aggressive cancer cells. Tumours are metabolically active and are populated by stroma cells, but how environmental factors affect cancer cell competition remains largely unknown.

-Selective Acyclic Diene Metathesis Polymerization of ,-Dienes.

The / stereochemistry of repeating alkenes in polymers provides a powerful handle to modulate the thermal and mechanical properties of these soft materials, but synthetic methods to precisely dictate this parameter remain scarce. We report herein a -selective acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization of readily available α,ω-diene monomers with high functional group tolerance. Identification of a highly stereoselective cyclometalated Ru catalyst allowed the synthesis of a broad array of polymers with contents up to 99%.

Stereocontrolled acyclic diene metathesis polymerization.

The cis/trans geometry of olefins is known to dramatically influence the thermal and mechanical properties of polyalkenamers. Yet, polymerization methods that efficiently control this parameter are scarce. Here we report the development of a stereoretentive acyclic diene metathesis polymerization that uses the reactivity of dithiolate Ru carbenes combined with cis monomers.

Deep Learning-Based Increment Theory for Formation Enthalpy Predictions.

Machine learning predictions of molecular thermochemistry, such as formation enthalpy, have been limited for large and complicated species because of the lack of available training data. Such predictions would be important in the prediction of reaction thermodynamics and the construction of kinetic models. Herein, we introduce a graph-based deep learning approach that can separately learn the enthalpy contribution of each atom in its local environment with the effect of the overall molecular structure taken into account.

Neuroplasticity of peripheral axonal properties after ischemic stroke.

Objective: This study investigated how peripheral axonal excitability changes in ischemic stroke patients with hemiparesis or hemiplegia, reflecting the plasticity of motor axons due to corticospinal tract alterations along the poststroke stage.

Methods: Each subject received a clinical evaluation, nerve conduction study, and nerve excitability test. Nerve excitability tests were performed on motor median nerves in paretic and non-paretic limbs in the acute stage of stroke.

Performance of Luminescent Solar Concentrators Integrated with Negative Replica Layers of Leaf Surface Microstructures.

In this study, a negative replica layer of leaf surface microstructures was used to cover the top surfaces of semitransparent thin-film luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) to enhance the concentrators' performance. With low reflection on the air-glass interface of the glass plate in a thin-film LSC, a negative replica layer enables the scattering of incident sunlight and increases the path of light transmitted into the LSC and the thin phosphor layer at the bottom surface of the LSC. The incident sunlight is therefore more likely to interact with the phosphor particles in the thin-film phosphor layer, thereby enhancing the performance of the LSC.

Depth-dependent in vivo human skin backscattering spectra extraction from full-field optical coherence tomography.

With homemade active crystalline fibers, we generated bright and broadband light sources for full-field optical coherence tomography, offering deep penetration into skin tissues with cellular resolution at a high frame rate. Extraction of backscattered spectra from the tissue has potential applications in biomedicine. The hysteresis nonlinearity of the piezoelectric transducer actuating the Mirau interferometer has been greatly reduced by a feedforward compensation approach.

Immunity beyond cancer cells: perspective from tumor tissue.

Investigation of cancer as a cell-level disease has led to the development of cancer cell-directed therapies including cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-based immunotherapy; yet, many patients are refractory to these modalities of cancer treatment and acquired resistance frequently occurs. Of note, cancer environment controls the manifestation of cancerous cell phenotype. Helper T (Th) cells orchestrate immune defense responses targeting cancer cells as well as the tumor microenvironment.

Transplantation of 3D MSC/HUVEC spheroids with neuroprotective and proangiogenic potentials ameliorates ischemic stroke brain injury.

Ischemic stroke, and the consequent brain cell death, is a common cause of death and disability worldwide. Current treatments that primarily aim to relieve symptoms are relatively inefficient in achieving brain tissue regeneration and functional recovery, and thus novel therapeutic options are urgently needed. Although cell-based therapies have shown promise for treating the infarcted brain, a recurring challenge is the inadequate retention and engraftment of transplanted cells at the target tissue, thereby limiting the ultimate therapeutic efficacy.

GLUT5 (SLC2A5) enables fructose-mediated proliferation independent of ketohexokinase.

Background: Fructose is an abundant source of carbon and energy for cells to use for metabolism, but only certain cell types use fructose to proliferate. Tumor cells that acquire the ability to metabolize fructose have a fitness advantage over their neighboring cells, but the proteins that mediate fructose metabolism in this context are unknown. Here, we investigated the determinants of fructose-mediated cell proliferation.

Temperature Dependence and Microstructure Effects on Magnetic Properties of FePt(B, Ag, C) Film.

A FePt(B, Ag, C) granular film was formed from post-annealed BC(1.0 nm)/FePt(Ag, C) layers at a substrate temperature of 470 °C for 2 min. The 6 nm thick FePt(B, Ag, C) film demonstrates high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (K = 2.

Inhibition of TMPRSS2 by HAI-2 reduces prostate cancer cell invasion and metastasis.

TMPRSS2 is an important membrane-anchored serine protease involved in human prostate cancer progression and metastasis. A serine protease physiologically often comes together with a cognate inhibitor for execution of proteolytically biologic function; however, TMPRSS2's cognate inhibitor is still elusive. To identify the cognate inhibitor of TMPRSS2, in this study, we applied co-immunoprecipitation and LC/MS/MS analysis and isolated hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitors (HAIs) to be potential inhibitor candidates for TMPRSS2.

Stereoretentive Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization to Access All- Poly(-phenylenevinylene)s with Living Characteristics.

Poly(-phenylenevinylene)s (PPVs), a staple of the conductive polymer family, consist of alternating alkene and phenyl groups in conjugation. The physical properties of this organic material are intimately linked to the / configuration of the alkene groups. While many synthetic methods afford PPVs with all- stereochemistry, very few deliver the all- congeners.

Tips for Making a Successful Online Microsurgery Educational Platform: The Experience of International Microsurgery Club.

The presence of online learning resources has grown tremendously in recent years. They provide powerful and yet easily accessible means of learning and sharing knowledge. Online learning resources now encompass all aspects of medicine, and microsurgery is no exception.

En Face and Cross-sectional Corneal Tomograms Using Sub-micron spatial resolution Optical Coherence Tomography.

Accurate diagnosis of corneal pathology and morphological identification of different corneal layers require clear delineation of corneal three-dimensional structures and en face or cross-sectional imaging of palisade of Vogt (POV), neovascularization (NV) or corneal nerves. Here we report a prototype of full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) system with isotropic sub-micron spatial resolution in the en face and cross-sectional views. It can also provide three-dimensional reconstructed images and a large field of view (FOV) by stitching tomograms side by side.

Differential effects of postoperative oral corticosteroid on eosinophilic vs. non-eosinophilic CRSwNP subtypes.

Purpose: The efficacy of postoperative oral corticosteroids on surgical outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) remains controversial. This study evaluated the potential benefits of postoperative oral corticosteroids on surgical outcomes in CRSwNP patients and investigated the differential effects on eosinophilic CRSwNP (ECRSwNP) and noneosinophilic CRSwNP (NECRSwNP).

Materials And Methods: Patients with bilateral CRSwNP who underwent ESS were enrolled and randomized to receive either oral prednisolone (30 mg/day) or placebo for 2 weeks after surgery.