The disposal of coffee cherry pulping wastewater (CPWW) poses severe environmental risks, including water body eutrophication, soil acidification, and toxicity to aquatic life due to its high organic load (COD: 29,450 mg/L; BOD5: 16,500 mg/L), acidic pH (4.8), and elevated solids (TDS: 3240 mg/L; TSS: 4540 mg/L). To address this, we synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles from Ricinus communis L.
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June 2025
Traveler's diarrhea (TD), manifested by loose stools, is a critical health issue affecting the digestive system. It poses a significant health risk with documented mortality and morbidity. Escherichia coli and are primary causative organisms.
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