[A case of unilateral chorea associated with cortical infarction with transient cortical and striatal hyperperfusion].

Although disruption of basal ganglia loops due to reduced cortical blood flow has been postulated as a possible mechanism for chorea after cortical infarction, detailed studies have not been conducted. We report a case of cardiogenic cerebral embolism of the right frontal to insular cortex due to occlusion of the right M2 branch, followed by the appearance of chorea in the left upper limb on the next day, recanalization of the occluded vessel, and hyperperfusion detected in the same area of brain via single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Interestingly, the blood flow to the right striatum, which was not infarcted, was increased; however, this was not observed after the disappearance of chorea.

Self-remitting Elevation of Adenosine Deaminase Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid with Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

A 29-year-old man presented with a high-grade fever, headache, and urinary retention, in addition to meningeal irritation and myoclonus in his upper extremities. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed pleocytosis and high adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels with no evidence of bacterial infection, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. T2-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging showed transient hyper-intensity lesions at the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC), bilateral putamen, and pons during the course of the disease.

Blood vessels as a scaffold for neuronal migration.

Neurogenesis and angiogenesis share regulatory factors that contribute to the formation of vascular networks and neuronal circuits in the brain. While crosstalk mechanisms between neural stem cells (NSCs) and the vasculature have been extensively investigated, recent studies have provided evidence that blood vessels also play an essential role in neuronal migration in the brain during development and regeneration. The mechanisms of the neuronal migration along blood vessels, referred to as "vascular-guided migration," are now being elucidated.

β1 integrin signaling promotes neuronal migration along vascular scaffolds in the post-stroke brain.

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a main cause of chronic disability. However, there is currently no effective treatment to promote recovery from stroke-induced neurological symptoms. Recent studies suggest that after stroke, immature neurons, referred to as neuroblasts, generated in a neurogenic niche, the ventricular-subventricular zone, migrate toward the injured area, where they differentiate into mature neurons.