Crossing Pathological Boundaries: Multi-Target Restoration of the Neurovascular Unit in Alzheimer's and Vascular Dementia-From Modern Therapeutics to Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) are the two most common forms of dementia, and they share common mechanisms, especially in regard to neurovascular dysfunction. There has been increasing evidence that the disruption of the neurovascular unit (NVU), which consists of endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, neurons, and basement membrane, is one of the key early events in both AD and VD. The objective of this review is to summarize the structure and physiological function of the NVU, then discuss the pathological remodeling of the NVU in AD and VD and finally, show emerging evidence of multi-target approaches that restore the NVU and neurovascular protection.

Age-sex differences in Alzheimer's and related dementias burden and risk factors in east and Southeast Asia: results from the 2021 GBD study.

Background: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) significant global public health challenges, leading to severe disability in patients and placing a heavy burden on caregivers. However, epidemiological studies focusing on ADRD in specific regions remain limited. This study aims to comprehensively analyze and describe the current status and changing trends of ADRD in Non-High-income East Asia (NHIEA), Non-High-income Southeast Asia (NHISEA), and High-income Asia Pacific (HIAP), providing more detailed real-world data to inform policymaking.

Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Radiotherapy-Induced Xerostomia: A Review.

In patients with head and neck cancer, irradiation (IR)-sensitive salivary gland (SG) tissue is highly prone to damage during radiotherapy (RT). This leads to SG hypofunction and xerostomia. Xerostomia is defined as the subjective complaint of dry mouth, which can cause other symptoms and adversely affect the quality of life.