Effect of Tooth Splinting on Clinical Outcomes following Periodontal Regenerative Therapy in Teeth with Mobility Degree 1 or 0: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Aim: The evidence for tooth splinting during periodontal regenerative therapy is limited. We aimed to investigate the adjunctive benefits of tooth splinting on clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: In total, 194 intrabony defects in 126 participants were prospectively evaluated over three years following periodontal regenerative therapy with an enamel matrix derivative.

Model-based estimation of thyroid cancer incidence from ultrasound examinations in the Fukushima Health Management Survey: estimated results considering the non-examinees in the first, second and third rounds of the cohort study.

Background: In October 2011, the Fukushima prefectural government started a thyroid ultrasound examination (TUE) as part of the Fukushima Health Management Survey following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The proportion of examinees is an important factor when interpreting the results.

Objectives: To construct models that assess the relationship between the proportion of non-examinees and the characteristics of eligible participants in the first-round to third-round TUEs.

Genetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virological response in relation to the molecular characterization of metabolic diseases.

Aim: The mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis after sustained virological response (SVR) in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients is unclear. We compared gene profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between HCV-SVR, steatotic liver disease (SLD), and HCV-non-SVR patients.

Methods: This study analyzed 126 resected HCCs from patients with HCV and SLD, classifying them as HCV-SVR (n = 22), HCV-non-SVR (n = 56), and SLD (n = 48).

Evaluation of Data Quality and Utility of the Japan Drug Information Institute in Pregnancy (JDIIP) Consultation Case Database for Pregnancy Pharmacovigilance.

Introduction: Ensuring medication safety during pregnancy is crucial for protecting maternal and fetal health. However, fragmented data sources and the lack of comprehensive databases present substantial barriers to effective pharmacovigilance. The Japan Drug Information Institute in Pregnancy (JDIIP) database, which contains data on drug treatment counseling for pregnant women, is expected to help address the lack of comprehensive databases for pregnancy pharmacovigilance (PregPV).

Classification of the trajectory of changes in food intake in special nursing home for oldest-old in the 6 months before death: A secondary analysis.

Background: For the oldest-old residents around their 90s living in facilities, quality end-of-life care is crucial. While an association between reduced food intake and death is known, specific patterns of intake changes before death are not well-documented.

Aims: This study aims to classify food intake changes among residents in Japan's special nursing homes during the 6 months before death, enabling precision care for each group using routinely recorded data.

Evaluation of claims-based frailty measurements in older patients with cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Frailty is associated with poor outcomes in older adults with cancer. Several efforts have been made to assess frailty using the administrative claims data based on the number of clinical diagnosis codes, yet the literature reporting on this is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of frailty measures using administrative databases in Japan.

Predictors for recurrence of drug use among males on probation for methamphetamine use in Japan: a one-year follow-up study.

Background: Methamphetamine use is related to severe health, social, and criminal challenges. However, there is limited evidence regarding the factors associated with the recurrence of drug use among individuals who have used methamphetamine, particularly within populations involved in the criminal justice system. This study aimed to identify predictors of illicit drug use at a one-year follow-up among males in Japan who have used methamphetamine and are involved in the criminal justice system.

BMI trajectory of 8,155,894 Japanese adults from exhaustive health checkup data: the contributions of age-related changes in height and weight.

This study aimed to clarify the trajectory of BMI alongside age-related changes in height and weight among Japanese adults. Data from annual health checkups between 2015 and 2020 by the Japan Health Insurance Association were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 4,777,891 men and 3,378,003 women (age 35-69 years) were stratified into 14 subgroups based on sex and 5-year age categories.

Resuscitation Attempt and Outcomes in Patients With Asystole Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Importance: Little is known about the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in patients with asystole in countries where prehospital resuscitation is not withheld or terminated.

Objective: To investigate the secular trends in the patient outcomes and advanced life support (ALS) procedures and evaluate the association of ALS procedures with favorable outcomes among patients with OHCA and asystole.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study analyzed data from a nationwide prospective OHCA registry in Japan.

Height status matters for risk of mortality in critically ill children.

Background: Anthropometric measurements are crucial in pediatric critical care, but the impact of height on ICU outcomes is underexplored despite a substantial number of short-for-age children in ICUs. Previous studies suggest that short stature increases the risk of poor clinical outcomes. This study examines the relationship between short stature and ICU outcomes.

Postpartum hair loss is associated with anxiety.

Aim: This study examined the relationship between postpartum hair loss and psychological symptoms.

Methods: This questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study included postpartum women who had delivered at two facilities and completed the questionnaire 10-18 months after delivery. Study protocols were sent by mail in two parts.

Identification of novel sub-phenotypes of severe ARDS requiring ECMO using latent class analysis.

Background: Sub-phenotyping of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) could be useful for evaluating the severity of ARDS or predicting its responsiveness to given therapeutic strategies, but no studies have yet investigated the heterogeneity of patients with severe ARDS requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO).

Methods: We conducted this retrospective multicenter observational study in adult patients with severe ARDS treated by V-V ECMO. We performed latent class analysis (LCA) for identifying sub-phenotypes of severe ARDS based on the radiological and clinical findings at the start of ECMO support.

Physical Function Trajectory among High-Functioning Long-Term Care Facility Residents: Utilizing Japanese National Data.

Physical function trajectory (PFT) is associated with mortality and hospitalization risks. We aimed to identify and compare the PFTs of newly admitted high-functioning older adults during their first six months at long-term care (LTC) facilities. In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we included newly admitted high-functioning older adults (Barthel index > 60) from 47 Japanese LTC facilities.

Associations between dietary potassium intake and urinary potassium excretion: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: While numerous studies have reported associations between low dietary potassium intake and adverse clinical outcomes, methods to estimate potassium intake, mainly self-reported dietary measures and urinary potassium excretion, entail certain limitations. Self-reported measures are subject to underreporting and overreporting. Urinary potassium excretion is affected by multiple factors including renal function.

Associations Between Dietary Potassium Intake From Different Food Sources and Hyperkalemia in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: Previous studies reported mixed results on associations between dietary potassium intake and hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigated the association between potassium intake from different food sources and hyperkalemia in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD.

Methods: A total of 285 patients were recruited at a university hospital and 2 city hospitals in Tokyo.

Analysis of prognosis and background liver disease in non-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in two decades.

Background/aim: Antiviral hepatitis and systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remarkably progressed in the recent 10 years. This study aimed to reveal the actual transition and changes in the prognosis and background liver disease in non-advanced HCC in the past 20 years.

Methods: This retrospectively recruited 566 patients who were diagnosed with non-advanced HCC from February 2002 to February 2022.

Assessment of clinical relevance of antigen improves diagnostic accuracy of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Background: Exposure assessment is integral to the diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Although the clinical relevance of exposed antigens is essential for the assessment, many of the previous guidelines or reports have only evaluated simple exposure histories or immunological tests. To overcome this problem, the Exposure Assessment Form (EAF) was developed as an assessment tool for classifying the exposure grade from G0 to G4.

Effect of overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome on frailty in middle-aged and older Japanese adults.

Background: The potential for developing frailty exists in middle-aged and older adults. While obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increase the risk of frailty in older adults, this relationship remains unclear in middle-aged adults, who are prone to developing lifestyle-related diseases.

Objective: To examine the effect of overweight/obesity and MetS on frailty development in middle-aged and older Japanese adults using real-world data.

Association between Short Stature at Grade 1 and Permanent Teeth Caries at Grade 6 in Elementary School Children in Japan: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Short stature in children is a marker of low nutritional status and has been suggested to be associated with dental caries. However, longitudinal studies on this topic are scarce. Data from a longitudinal study of elementary school children in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan, were analyzed.