Effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine premedication on hemodynamics, oxygenation and bleeding in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia - a secondary analysis of a prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial (TKADEX).

Background: Dexmedetomidine is a sedative adjunct with sympatholytic properties. Despite many beneficial effects, hemodynamic effects limit its use.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the data from TKADEX study.

Premedication with intranasal dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia (TKADEX)-a prospective, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Previous studies have shown that perioperative use of adjuvants, such as the alpha-2 agonist dexmedetomidine, may reduce postoperative pain and opioid requirements. However, information about optimal dosing is lacking. We investigated if premedication with intranasal dexmedetomidine compared with placebo reduces postoperative pain in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia.

Absorption pharmacokinetics and feasibility of intranasal dexmedetomidine in patients under general anaesthesia.

Background: The use of intranasal dexmedetomidine is hampered by a limited understanding of its absorption pharmacokinetics.

Methods: We examined the pharmacokinetics and feasibility of intranasal dexmedetomidine administered in the supine position to adult patients undergoing general anaesthesia. Twenty-eight patients between 35 and 80 years of age, ASA 1-3 and weight between 50 and 100 kg, who underwent elective unilateral total hip or knee arthroplasty under general anaesthesia were recruited.

A case report of an accidental iatrogenic dexmedetomidine overdose in an adult.

Background: Dexmedetomidine is a sedative drug with a wide safety margin.

Case Presentation: We present a case of accidental iatrogenic dexmedetomidine overdose in an adult patient during high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment. This is the first case report of an adult patient receiving an intravenous push of dexmedetomidine.