Changes in anticholinergic cognitive burden and risk of single and recurrent falls: population-based cohort study.

Background: Medications with high anticholinergic cognitive burden (ACB) are associated with increased fall risk in older adults. However, the potential alteration of risk with changes in ACB over time has yet to be established.

Objective: To estimate the association between the changes in ACB with single and recurrent falls.

Efficacy of oral nutrition supplementation enriched with hydroxymethylbutyrate (HMB) and undenatured type-II collagen (UC-II) combined with exercise training on osteoarthritis-related outcomes among adults with knee osteoarthritis in Klang Valley of Malaysia: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a serious public health problem since it is linked to loss of muscular function and independence, especially in older adults. In this study, the researchers have proposed a randomised controlled trial with a three-arm study strategy to explore the effectiveness of an oral nutritional supplementation containing hydroxymethylbutyrate and undenatured type-II collagen combined with exercise training (ET) on the OA-related symptoms and biomarkers among adults with knee OA.

Methods And Analysis: Adults with knee OA aged between 50 years and 75 years will be invited to participate in the study and thereafter will be randomly assigned to either one of three groups: oral nutrition supplementation+ET, ET or usual care.

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes.

This study explores hyperglycemia's influence on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) related symptoms, physical performance, physical activity level, radiographic severity, and inflammation in older adults. Prolonged hyperglycemic states contribute to advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation, which worsens KOA symptoms. Capillary blood glucose (CBG) and glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels are commonly used in laboratory tests for glycemic assessment, offering distinct advantages and limitations.

Influence of psychosocial and health-seeking behaviour on the risk of falling among persons living with type 2 diabetes in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) cohort.

Background: Older persons with diabetes have an increased falls risk that could lead to serious complications including death.

Aim: To determine the influence of psychosocial factors and health-seeking behaviour on the risk of falling among individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This prospective study included community-dwelling adults aged ≥55 years selected through stratified random sampling from three neighbouring parliamentary constituencies.

Association between weight and body composition changes with falls risk in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study.

Objective: Both changes in body composition and increased fall risk occur with increasing age. While weight management may be considered a component of falls prevention, the long-term consequences of changes in weight, however, remain uncertain. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between weight and body composition changes over 5 years with fall occurrence.

The usage of anticholinergic medications in a low- and middle-income country: a longitudinal comparison of 2013-15 and 2020-22 datasets.

Background: While the effects of anticholinergic drug use have been increasingly highlighted, trends in anticholinergic use remain poorly understood.

Aim: To determine the changes in frequency and pattern of anticholinergic drug use within a low- and middle-income country.

Method: Comparisons were made between population-based datasets collected from Malaysian residents aged 55 years and older in 2013-15 and 2020-22.

Combined knee osteoarthritis and diabetes is associated with reduced muscle strength, physical inactivity, and poorer quality of life.

Objective: This study delves into the intriguing connection between knee osteoarthritis and diabetes in Malaysia. Specifically, the exacerbation of knee osteoarthritis in the presence of diabetes in terms of symptoms, physical performance, physical activity, psychological status, social participation, and quality of life was discussed.

Design: This cross-sectional study recruited adults aged 50 and above by convenient sampling and grouped them into: knee osteoarthritis-diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis+diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis-diabetes+, and knee osteoarthritis+diabetes+.

Mediating Role of Psychological Status in the Association Between Resiliency and Quality of Life Among Older Malaysians Living with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Resilience increases the ability of an individual to overcome adversity. It has not yet been determined how resilience is linked to quality of life among individuals experiencing knee osteoarthritis symptoms. To explore the inter-relationships of psychological distress, resilience and quality of life among older individuals with knee osteoarthritis.

Nutritional status and dietary intake among Nigerian adolescent: a systematic review.

Introduction: The prevailing nutritional conditions and the triple challenge of malnutrition faced by adolescents have adverse consequences for both the present and future generations' health and nutrition. Summarizing the available research on the nutritional status and dietary habits of adolescents in Nigeria is crucial.

Objective: This study aims to systematically evaluate available literature on the nutritional status of adolescent aged 10 to 19years in Nigeria.

The effectiveness of preventive home visits on resilience and health-related outcomes among community dwelling older adults: A systematic review.

Background: This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of preventive home visits (PHVs) in enhancing resilience and health-related outcomes among older adults living in the community.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in nine databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Emcare, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library. The search was undertaken between March 15 and 31, 2022 with subsequent updates performed on October 15, 2023 and April 10, 2024.

Bone turnover markers reference database in five Southeast Asian countries.

Osteoporosis is highly prevalent, particularly in developing countries. However, bone turnover marker reference ranges for management of osteoporosis in Asian population are yet to be explored and established. Thus, this study aims to develop a regional bone turnover markers (BTMs) reference database by combining country-specific reference database from five ASEAN countries: Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Predictive value of the World falls guidelines algorithm within the AGELESS-MELoR cohort.

Aim: The World Falls Guidelines (WFG) Task Force published a falls risk stratification algorithm in 2022. However, its adaptability is uncertain in low- and middle-income settings such as Malaysia due to different risk factors and limited resources. We evaluated the effectiveness of the WFG risk stratification algorithm in predicting falls among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia.

Effectiveness of herbs taken concurrently with antihypertensive drugs in managing hypertension and lipid outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Hypertension is the primary cause of mortality. Hence globally, there is a growing interest in complementing antihypertensive drugs with herbs to alleviate blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Thus, this review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of complementing drugs with herbs on blood pressure and lipid profile outcomes, the associated factors and the types of complementary herbs alongside their consumption regimes.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on osteoarthritis: a scoping review on biomarkers.

Osteoarthritis (OA) commonly affects the knee and hip joints and accounts for 19.3% of disability-adjusted life years and years lived with disability worldwide (Refs , ). Early management is important in order to avoid disability uphold quality of life (Ref.

Self-management of osteoarthritis while waiting for total knee arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic among older Malaysians.

Background: The study sought to understand the self-management strategies used by patients during the postponement of their total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedure, as well as the associations between the length of waiting time, pain, and physical frailty and function. The study focused on individuals aged 50 years and above, as they are known to be more vulnerable to the negative impacts of delayed elective surgery and rehabilitation. This study hypothesizes that delayed TKR due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) will bear negative effect in self-management, pain, and physical frailty and function in older adults.

Prospective sarcopenia outcomes associated with physical performance in individuals aged 55 years and over in Malaysia.

Background: While the potential of physical performance tests as screening tools for sarcopenia is evident, limited information on relevant reference values for sarcopenia detection. In this study, we aimed to establish the prospective relationship between physical performance tests, including time up and go (TUG), functional reach (FR), gait speed (GS), and hand grip strength (HGS) with five-year sarcopenia risk and to determine suitable cut-off values for screening activities.

Method: This was a prospective study utilizing data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study, which involved community-dwelling older adults aged 55 years and above at recruitment.

Psychosocial Determinants of Knee Osteoarthritis Progression: Results from the Promoting Independence in Our Seniors with Arthritis Study.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of physical disability among older adults. While established risk factors for knee OA include age and increased body weight, few studies have examined psychosocial risk factors or progression of knee OA.

Methods: The Promoting Independence in our Seniors with Arthritis study recruited participants aged 65 years and over from orthopedic outpatients and community engagement events.

Cognitive frailty and its association with depression, anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults in the transforming cognitive frailty into later-life self-sufficiency (AGELESS) study.

Background: Cognitive frailty describes the co-occurrence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty and is classified into reversible and irreversible phenotypes. Data on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic imposed lockdowns, locally known as the Movement Control Order (MCO), on the psychological status of cognitively frail older adults remain scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between depression, anxiety, stress and cognitive frailty among older adults during the MCO.

Physical and psychosocial characteristics differ between individuals with knee pain and different knee osteoarthritis diagnostic criteria.

Purpose: Knee pain and osteoarthritis (OA) are common and often lead to disability among older adults. Existing published evidence, however, utilizes differing criteria to define studies' knee OA populations. We, therefore, aimed to determine whether differences exist in the characteristics of individuals with the presence of knee pain and different diagnostic criteria for knee OA.

Gender differences in the associations between knee pain and urinary incontinence in older adults: Cross-sectional analysis from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research Study (MELoR).

Introduction: The common assumption that urinary incontinence occurs in osteoarthritis (OA) due to poor mobility is supported by limited evidence. The influence of gender in such associations is also yet to be elucidated.

Objective: This study, therefore, identified any potential associations between knee OA symptoms and urinary incontinence and further explore sex differences in the associations.

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Status and Quality of Life among Participants of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) Study.

Background: This study aimed to identify differences in quality of life before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and determine the influence of psychological status on the observed changes in the quality of life among older adults.

Methods: The Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research study recruited Malaysians aged at least 55 years from 2013 to 2015. Follow-ups were conducted between September and December 2020.

Body Fat Percentage and the Long-term Risk of Fractures. The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Cohort Study.

Background: This cohort study aimed to determine the association between body fat percentage (BF%), incident fractures and calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA).

Methods: Participants were drawn from the EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Cohort Study (median follow-up = 16.4 years).

Ethnic-Specific Sociodemographic Factors as Determinants of Cognitive Performance: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research Study.

Introduction: Despite cognitive impairment being a major health issue within the older population, limited information is available on factors associated with cognitive function among Asian ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to identify ethnic-specific sociodemographic risk factors which are associated with cognitive performance.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study involving community-dwelling individuals aged >55 years was conducted.