Radiomics-Based Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Approach for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Systematic Review.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by progressive fibrosis and poor survival outcomes. Accurate diagnosis and prognosis remain challenging due to overlapping features with other ILDs and variability in imaging interpretation. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence on artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) applications for the diagnosis and prognosis of IPF using computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Evaluating Hepatokines in the Progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Acid Liver Disease by Decoding Liver-Derived Molecular Pathologies.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disorder (NAFLD), also called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is a leading cause of global liver disorders. Hepatokines are increasingly being used in the diagnosis of NAFLD. This study evaluated the association between the hepatokines and NAFLD progression and guided further therapeutic research.

Comparative Effectiveness of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Reducing Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

One of the primary causes of death and morbidity among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is stroke. Despite their well-established cardiovascular advantages, there is insufficient data to determine how well sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) prevent strokes. The research conducted a systematic review and performed a meta-analysis to assess the comparative effectiveness of SGLT2i versus GLP-1 RAs for preventing stroke incidents in T2DM patients.

Optimizing Anticoagulation Strategies in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular Heart Disease: A Comprehensive Evidence-Based Review.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, significantly increases the risk of thromboembolism and stroke. Its coexistence with valvular heart disease (VHD) further complicates management due to elevated risks of thromboembolism, bleeding, and mortality. This review explores the pathophysiology of AF and its interaction with VHD, focusing on diagnostic tools like echocardiography and risk stratification scores such as CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED.