Antimicrobial-resistant non-typhoidal prevalence among poultry farms and slaughterhouses in Chitwan, Nepal.

Background And Aim: Antibiotic-resistant infections are one of the leading threats to public health globally. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics in food animal production is an important driver of resistance, particularly among foodborne pathogens such as non-typhoidal (NTS). While there has been extensive research on antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) in India and China, there have been few studies in countries in South Asia, including Nepal.

Prevalence of non-typhoidal and risk factors on poultry farms in Chitwan, Nepal.

Background And Aim: Poultry is becoming an increasingly important source of protein in the Nepalese diet. The Chitwan region of Nepal is the hub of the emerging poultry industry. Little is known about the prevalence of non-typhoidal (NTS) on poultry farms or the role of farm management practices that may contribute to the presence of NTS on farms.

Erratum to "Sero-prevalence of in sheep in different geographical regions of Nepal" [5C (June 2018) 7-9].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.

Lrig2 and Hpse2, mutated in urofacial syndrome, pattern nerves in the urinary bladder.

Mutations in leucine-rich-repeats and immunoglobulin-like-domains 2 (LRIG2) or in heparanase 2 (HPSE2) cause urofacial syndrome, a devastating autosomal recessive disease of functional bladder outlet obstruction. It has been speculated that urofacial syndrome has a neural basis, but it is unknown whether defects in urinary bladder innervation are present. We hypothesized that urofacial syndrome features a peripheral neuropathy of the bladder.

Sero-prevalence of in sheep in different geographical regions of Nepal.

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of in sheep in Nepal. Blood samples were collected from 235 sheep from three districts of three different eco-zones namely, mountainous Jumla (88), hilly Pokhara (62) and plain/terai Chitwan (85). The samples were tested by using commercial ELISA kit.

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) regulates the response to oxidative stress and migration of breast cancer cells.

Introduction: The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are a class of heme-containing enzymes involved in phase I metabolism of a large number of xenobiotics. The CYP family member CYP2E1 metabolises many xenobiotics and pro-carcinogens, it is not just expressed in the liver but also in many other tissues such as the kidney, the lung, the brain, the gastrointestinal tract and the breast tissue. It is induced in several pathological conditions including cancer, obesity, and type II diabetes implying that this enzyme is implicated in other biological processes beyond its role in phase I metabolism.

Potent dual inhibitors of TORC1 and TORC2 complexes (KU-0063794 and KU-0068650) demonstrate in vitro and ex vivo anti-keloid scar activity.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is essential in controlling several cellular functions. This pathway is dysregulated in keloid disease (KD). KD is a common fibroproliferative dermal lesion with an ill-defined treatment strategy.

Superior effect of combination vs. single steroid therapy in keloid disease: a comparative in vitro analysis of glucocorticoids.

Keloid disease (KD) is a fibroproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. Current use of corticosteroid injection is partially beneficial with 80% recurrence rate. Additionally, the efficacy of different steroids, alone or in combination as opposed to monotherapy, in treating KD remains unclear.

Keloid disease can be inhibited by antagonizing excessive mTOR signaling with a novel dual TORC1/2 inhibitor.

Keloid disease (KD) is a fibroproliferative lesion of unknown etiopathogenesis that possibly targets the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. We investigated whether PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor, Palomid 529 (P529), which targets both mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC-1) and mTORC-2 signaling, could exert anti-KD effects in a novel KD organ culture assay and in keloid fibroblasts (KF). Treatment of KF with P529 significantly (P < 0.

In vitro study of novel collagenase (XIAFLEX®) on Dupuytren's disease fibroblasts displays unique drug related properties.

Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a benign, fibroproliferative disease of the palmar fascia, with excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and over-production of cytokines and growth factors, resulting in digital fixed flexion contractures limiting hand function and patient quality of life. Surgical fasciectomy is the gold standard treatment but is invasive and has associated morbidity without limiting disease recurrence. Injectable Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH)--Xiaflex®--is a novel, nonsurgical option with clinically proven in vivo reduction of DD contractures but with limited in vitro data demonstrating its cellular and molecular effects.